RT Journal Article
SR Electronic
T1 Peptides that Mimic RS repeats modulate phase separation of SRSF1, revealing a reliance on combined stacking and electrostatic interactions
JF bioRxiv
FD Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
SP 2022.10.24.511151
DO 10.1101/2022.10.24.511151
A1 Talia Fargason
A1 Naiduwadura Ivon Upekala De Silva
A1 Erin King
A1 Zihan Zhang
A1 Trenton Paul
A1 Jamal Shariq
A1 Steve Zaharias
A1 Jun Zhang
YR 2022
UL http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2022/10/24/2022.10.24.511151.abstract
AB Phase separation plays crucial roles in both sustaining cellular function and perpetuating disease states. Despite extensive studies, our understanding of this process is hindered by low solubility of phase-separating proteins. One example of this is found in SR proteins. These proteins are characterized by domains rich in arginine and serine (RS domains), which are essential to alternative splicing, in vivo phase separation, and a low solubility that has made these proteins difficult to study for decades. Here, we solubilize the founding member of the SR family, SRSF1, by introducing a peptide mimicking RS repeats as a co-solute. We find that this RS-mimic peptide forms interactions similar to those of the protein’s RS domain. Both interact with a combination of surface-exposed aromatic residues and acidic residues on SRSF1’s RNA Recognition Motifs (RRMs) through electrostatic and cation-pi interactions. Analysis of RRM domains spanning the human proteome indicates that RRM domains involved in phase separation have more exposed aromatic residues and that in phase-separating proteins containing RS repeats, such residues are frequently surrounded by acidic residues. In addition to opening an avenue to previously unavailable proteins, our work provides insight into how SR proteins phase separate and participate in nuclear speckles.Competing Interest StatementThe authors have declared no competing interest.