PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - Chaitanya Kurhade
AU  - Jing Zou
AU  - Hongjie Xia
AU  - Mingru Liu
AU  - Hope C. Chang
AU  - Ping Ren
AU  - Xuping Xie
AU  - Pei-Yong Shi
TI  - Low neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.2.75.2, BQ.1.1, and XBB.1 by 4 doses of parental mRNA vaccine or a BA.5-bivalent booster
AID  - 10.1101/2022.10.31.514580
DP  - 2022 Jan 01
TA  - bioRxiv
PG  - 2022.10.31.514580
4099  - http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2022/11/02/2022.10.31.514580.short
4100  - http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2022/11/02/2022.10.31.514580.full
AB  - The newly emerged SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BQ.1.1, XBB.1, and other sublineages have accumulated additional spike mutations that may affect vaccine effectiveness. Here we report neutralizing activities of three human serum panels collected from individuals 1-3 months after dose 4 of parental mRNA vaccine (post-dose-4), 1 month after a BA.5-bivalent-booster (BA.5-bivalent-booster), or 1 month after a BA.5-bivalent-booster with previous SARS-CoV-2 infection (BA.5-bivalent-booster-infection). Post-dose-4 sera neutralized USA-WA1/2020, BA.5, BF.7, BA.4.6, BA.2.75.2, BQ.1.1, and XBB.1 SARS-CoV-2 with geometric mean titers (GMTs) of 1533, 95, 69, 62, 26, 22, and 15, respectively; BA.5-bivalent-booster sera improved the GMTs to 3620, 298, 305, 183, 98, 73, and 35; BA.5-bivalent-booster-infection sera further increased the GMTs to 5776, 1558,1223, 744, 367, 267, and 103. Thus, although BA.5-bivalent-booster elicits better neutralization than parental vaccine, it does not produce robust neutralization against the newly emerged Omicron BA.2.75.2, BQ.1.1, and XBB.1. Previous infection enhances the magnitude and breadth of BA.5-bivalent-booster-elicited neutralization.Competing Interest StatementX.X. and P.-Y.S. have filed a patent on the reverse genetic system. X.X., J.Z., and P.-Y.S. received compensation from Pfizer for COVID-19 vaccine development. Other authors declare no competing interests.