PT - JOURNAL ARTICLE AU - Piotr T. Wysocki AU - Karol Czubak AU - Anna A. Marusiak AU - Monika Kolanowska AU - Dominika Nowis TI - <em>Disrupted in Renal Carcinoma 3</em> (<em>DIRC3</em>) impacts malignant phenotype and IGFBP5/IGF-1/Akt signaling axis in differentiated thyroid cancer AID - 10.1101/2023.01.24.525402 DP - 2023 Jan 01 TA - bioRxiv PG - 2023.01.24.525402 4099 - http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2023/01/24/2023.01.24.525402.short 4100 - http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2023/01/24/2023.01.24.525402.full AB - Differentiated thyroid cancers (DTCs) are malignancies with ill-defined hereditary predisposition. Some germline variants influencing the risk of DTCs localize in disrupted in renal carcinoma 3 (DIRC3), a poorly characterized long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) gene. Here, we characterized the function of DIRC3 in DTCs. We established that DIRC3 is downregulated in DTCs, and its high expression may reduce the risk of cancer recurrence in patients. DIRC3 transcripts were enriched in cell nuclei in vitro, where they upregulated insulin-like growth factor binding protein 5 (IGFBP5), a gene known to modulate the cellular response to insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1). Silencing of DIRC3 in thyroid cancer cell lines produced a phenotypic dichotomy: it augmented cell migration and invasiveness, reduced apoptosis, but abrogated the MTT reduction rate. We demonstrated that the pro-migratory phenotype was produced by the downregulation of IGFBP5. Transcriptomic profiling confirmed a functional redundancy in the activities of DIRC3 and IGFBP5. Moreover, downregulation of DIRC3 enhanced the susceptibility of cancer cells to IGF-1 stimulation and promoted Akt signaling. In conclusion, DIRC3 expression alters the phenotype of thyroid cancer cells and modulates the activity of IGFBP5/IGF-1/Akt axis. We propose an interplay between DIRC3 and IGF signaling as a mechanism that promotes thyroid carcinogenesis.Competing Interest StatementThe authors have declared no competing interest.DTCdifferentiated thyroid cancerscPTCconventional papillary thyroid cancerDEGdifferentially expressed geneDIRC3disrupted in renal carcinoma 3ERKextracellular signal-regulated kinaseFBSfetal bovine serumFOVfield of viewFTCfollicular thyroid cancerfvPTCfollicular variant papillary thyroid cancerGOgene ontologyGTExGenotype-Tissue Expression (project)GWASgenome-wide association studyHTCHürthle cell thyroid cancerIGF-1insulin-like growth factor 1IGF-1Rinsulin-like growth factor 1 receptorIGFBP5insulin-like growth factor binding protein 5lncRNAlong non-coding RNAPTCpapillary thyroid cancerSDstandard deviationSNPsingle nucleotide polymorphismTCGAThe Cancer Genome Atlas (project)