RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 Jerusalem artichoke extracts regulate the gene expression of key enzymes involved in fatty acid biosynthesis JF bioRxiv FD Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory SP 2024.09.30.615848 DO 10.1101/2024.09.30.615848 A1 Bunch, Heeyoun A1 Yoon, Young-Ran A1 Calderwood, Stuart K. YR 2024 UL http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2024/10/01/2024.09.30.615848.abstract AB Jerusalem artichoke (JA) is a traditional remedy for alleviating symptoms of diabetes. In fact, the suppressive effects of JA on blood sugar have been reported in multiple studies since 1934. Recent studies have indicated that type II diabetes is often caused by insulin resistance rather than insulin reduction and that increased blood and interstitial fatty acid levels contribute to insulin resistance and the development of diabetes. However, whether JA affects lipogenesis has not been studied. Here, we elucidated the effects of JA on the expression of two key enzymes involved in fatty acid biosynthesis, fatty acid synthase (FASN) and acetyl-coA carboxylase (ACACA), using three immortalized human bone marrow, colon, and liver cell lines. Caffeine and ICRF193, a catalytic inhibitor of topoisomerase II (TOP2), were included as positive controls, and JA was extracted into water- or dimethyl sulfoxide-soluble components, termed H-JA and D-JA. D-JA significantly reduced the expression of FASN and ACACA at the mRNA and protein levels. D-JA-treated cells exhibited altered TOP2 levels and FASN/ACACA expression appeared to be controlled by TOP2 activity and levels. Taken together, our study revealed a novel effect of JA extracts on inhibiting the expression of the key enzymes involved in the fatty acid synthesis and suggested the potential of JA as a natural medicinal agent to control lipogenesis in humans.HighlightsJerusalem artichoke extracts reduce the expression of FASN and ACACA genes at the mRNA and protein levelsTopoisomerase II regulates FASN and ACACA gene expressionJerusalem artichoke extracts and plasma glucose concentrations regulate cellular topoisomerase II protein expressionCompeting Interest StatementThe authors have declared no competing interest.