PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - Zhu, Mo
AU  - Mosso, Matthew B.
AU  - Ma, Xiaoyang
AU  - Park, Eunsol
AU  - Barth, Alison L.
TI  - Long-lasting, subtype-specific regulation of somatostatin interneurons during sensory learning
AID  - 10.1101/2024.11.19.624383
DP  - 2024 Jan 01
TA  - bioRxiv
PG  - 2024.11.19.624383
4099  - http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2024/11/21/2024.11.19.624383.short
4100  - http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2024/11/21/2024.11.19.624383.full
AB  - Somatostatin (SST)-expressing inhibitory neurons are a major class of neocortical γ-amino butyric acid (GABA) neurons, where morphological, electrophysiological, and transcriptomic analyses indicate more than a dozen different subtypes. However, whether this diversity is related to specific roles in cortical computations and plasticity remains unclear. Here we identify learning-dependent, subtype-specific plasticity in layer 2/3 SST neurons of the mouse somatosensory cortex. Martinotti-type, SST neurons expressing calbindin-2 show a selective decrease in excitatory synaptic input and stimulus-evoked calcium responses as mice learn a stimulus-reward association. Using these insights, we develop a label-free classifier using basal activity from in vivo imaging that accurately predicts learning-associated response plasticity. Our data indicate that molecularly-defined SST neuron subtypes play specific and highly-regulated roles in sensory information processing and learning.Competing Interest StatementThe authors have declared no competing interest.