RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 Graphene oxide-quenching-based fluorescence in situ hybridization (G-FISH) to detect RNA in tissue: simple and fast tissue RNA diagnostics JF bioRxiv FD Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory SP 143628 DO 10.1101/143628 A1 Do Won Hwang A1 Yoo Ri Choi A1 Dohyun Kim A1 Hye Yoon Park A1 Kyu Wan Kim A1 Mee Young Kim A1 Chul-Kee Park A1 Dong Soo Lee YR 2017 UL http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2017/05/29/143628.abstract AB FISH-based RNA detection in paraffin-embedded tissue can be challenging, with complicated procedures producing uncertain results and poor image quality. Here, we developed a robust RNA detection method based on graphene oxide (GO) quenching and recovery of fluorescence in situ hybridization (G-FISH) in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues. Using G-FISH technique, the long noncoding BC1 RNA, β-actin mRNA, miR-124a and miR-21 could be detected in the cytoplasm of a mouse brain, primary hippocampal neurons, and glioblastoma multiforme tumor tissues, respectively. G-FISH showed the increased BC1 RNA level in individual hippocampal neurons of Alzheimer’s disease brain. The fluorescence recovered by G-FISH correlated highly with the amount of miR-21, as measured by real time RT-PCR. We propose G-FISH as a simple, fast, inexpensive, and sensitive method for RNA detection, with very low background, which could be applied to a variety of researches or diagnostic purposes.