RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 Striatal cholinergic receptor activation causes a rapid, selective, & state-dependent rise in corticostriatal β activity JF bioRxiv FD Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory SP 148551 DO 10.1101/148551 A1 Benjamin Rafael Pittman-Polletta A1 Allison Quach A1 Ali I. Mohammed A1 Michael Romano A1 Krishnakanth Kondabolou A1 Nancy J. Kopell A1 Xue Han A1 Michelle M. McCarthy YR 2017 UL http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2017/07/05/148551.abstract AB Cortico-basal ganglia-thalamic (CBT) β oscillations (15–30 Hz) are elevated in Parkinson’s disease and correlated with movement disability. To date, no experimental paradigm outside of loss of dopamine has been able to specifically elevate β oscillations in the CBT loop. Here, we show that activation of striatal cholinergic receptors selectively increases β oscillations in mouse striatum. Furthermore, β expression in primary motor cortex (M1) distinguishes two BG dynamical states. In one, β oscillations increase in both striatum and M1, with partial directed coherence occurring primarily from striatum to M1 and distinguishing between β subbands. In another, M1 is characterized by persistent β-HFO phase-amplitude coupling, and shows no β increase. This suggests: (1) striatal cholinergic tone exerts state-dependent and frequency-selective control over CBT β power and coordination; (2) ongoing rhythmic dynamics can determine whether elevated striatal β oscillations are expressed in M1; (3) altered striatal cholinergic tone differentially modulates distinct β subbands.