RT Journal Article
SR Electronic
T1 Genetic Associations with Mathematics Tracking and Persistence in Secondary School
JF bioRxiv
FD Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
SP 598532
DO 10.1101/598532
A1 K. Paige Harden
A1 Benjamin W. Domingue
A1 Daniel W. Belsky
A1 Jason D. Boardman
A1 Robert Crosnoe
A1 Margherita Malanchini
A1 Michel Nivard
A1 Elliot M. Tucker-Drob
A1 Kathleen Mullan Harris
YR 2019
UL http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2019/04/05/598532.abstract
AB Maximizing the flow of students through the science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) pipeline is important to promoting human capital development and reducing economic inequality1. A critical juncture in the STEM pipeline is the highly-cumulative sequence of secondary school math courses2–5. Students from disadvantaged schools are less likely to complete advanced math courses, but debate continues about why6,7. Here, we address this question using student polygenic scores, which are DNA-based indicators of propensity to succeed in education8. We integrated genetic and official school transcript data from over 3,000 European-ancestry students from U.S. high schools. We used polygenic scores as a molecular tracer to understand how the flow of students through the high school math pipeline differs in socioeconomically advantaged versus disadvantaged schools. Students with higher education polygenic scores were tracked to more advanced math already at the beginning of high school and persisted in math for more years. Molecular tracer analyses revealed that the dynamics of the math pipeline differed by school advantage. Compared to disadvantaged schools, advantaged schools tracked more students with high polygenic scores into advanced math classes at the start of high school, and they buffered students with low polygenic scores from dropping out of math. Across all schools, even students with exceptional polygenic scores (top 2%) were unlikely to take the most advanced math classes, suggesting substantial room for improvement in the development of potential STEM talent. These results link new molecular genetic discoveries to a common target of educational-policy reforms.