RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 Menace to the ultimate antimicrobials among common Enterobacteriaceae clinical isolates in part of North-East India JF bioRxiv FD Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory SP 610923 DO 10.1101/610923 A1 Sharma, Mohan A1 Chetia, Pankaj A1 Puzari, Minakshi A1 Neog, Nakul A1 Borah, Amrit YR 2019 UL http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2019/04/16/610923.abstract AB Introduction Enterobacteriaceae, the normal dwellers in the human intestine, commonly associated with a variety of community acquired and nosocomial infections. Emerging trend of antibiotic resistance among these strains is a notable issue globally; more serious threat is the resistance against the available last resort antibiotics- the carbapenems. Our study thus intended to determine the burden of resistance towards this ultimate antimicrobial class, so as to assist in the empiric therapeutic decision making process and to search for alternate options.Materials and Methods Our study was a cross-sectional study with inclusion of clinical isolates collected from varied sources, from health settings in upper Assam. The isolates were identified based on standard methods of morphology study and biochemical tests. The identified isolates were then subjected to antibiotic susceptibility testing following Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method and the result interpreted as per the CLSI guidelines. The resistance of the reported carbapenem resistant isolates was confirmed by minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) determination using commercial E-strip kit.Results Among the enterobacterial isolates Klebsiella spp. accounted the majority, followed by Escherichia coli, Citrobacter spp., Shigella spp. and others. Multi-drug resistance (MDR) was noted among 67.6% isolates; however, carbapenem resistance was confirmed in 18.9% of the total Enterobacteriaceae isolates.Conclusion Higher prevalence of resistance towards the last resort antimicrobial, carbapenems, among the Enterbacteriaceae isolates of upper Assam seems to be upcoming threat to the region, limiting the treatment options in future.