PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - Søren Faurby
AU  - Jens-Christian Svenning
TI  - Resurrection of the island rule – human-driven extinctions have obscured a basic evolutionary pattern
AID  - 10.1101/025486
DP  - 2015 Jan 01
TA  - bioRxiv
PG  - 025486
4099  - http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2015/08/27/025486.short
4100  - http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2015/08/27/025486.full
AB  - Islands are or have been occupied by unusual species, such as dwarf proboscideans and giant rodents. The discussion of the classical but controversial “island rule,” which states that mammalian body sizes converge on intermediate sizes on islands, has been stimulated by these unusual species. In this paper, we use an unprecedented global data set of the distributions and the body sizes of mammals and a novel analytical method to analyze body size evolution on islands; the analyses produced strong support for the island rule. Islands have suffered massive human-driven losses of species, and we found that the support for the island rule was substantially stronger when the many late-Quaternary extinct species were also considered (particularly, the tendency for dwarfing in large taxa). In this study, the decisive support generated for the island rule confirmed that evolution is markedly different on islands and that human impact may obscure even fundamental evolutionary patterns.