PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - Olivier Thouvenin
AU  - Ludovic Keiser
AU  - Yasmine Cantaut-Belarif
AU  - Martin Carbo-Tano
AU  - Frederik Verweij
AU  - Nathalie Jurisch-Yaksi
AU  - Pierre-Luc Bardet
AU  - Guillaume Van Niel
AU  - François Gallaire
AU  - Claire Wyart
TI  - Origin of the bidirectionality of cerebrospinal fluid flow and impact on long-range transport between brain and spinal cord
AID  - 10.1101/627166
DP  - 2019 Jan 01
TA  - bioRxiv
PG  - 627166
4099  - http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2019/05/07/627166.short
4100  - http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2019/05/07/627166.full
AB  - The circulation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) plays pivotal roles for body axis formation and brain development. During embryogenesis, CSF is rich in particles and proteins and flows bidirectionally in the central canal. The origins of bidirectional flow and its impact on development are unknown. Experiments combined with modeling and simulations demonstrate that the bidirectionality of CSF flow is generated locally by caudally-polarized motile cilia confined to the ventral wall of the central canal. Such active bidirectional flow of the CSF accelerates the long-range transport of particles propagating rostrally and caudally. In addition, spontaneous muscle contractions increase local CSF flow and consequently enhance long-range transport of extracellular lipidic particles. Focal ablation of the channel connecting brain ventricles to the central canal reduces embryo length, indicating that long-range transport contributes to embryonic growth. Our study also demonstrates that at this early stage, motile cilia ensure the proper formation of the central canal.