RT Journal Article
SR Electronic
T1 A genetically encoded adhesin toolbox for programming multicellular morphologies and patterns
JF bioRxiv
FD Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
SP 240721
DO 10.1101/240721
A1 David S. Glass
A1 Ingmar H. Riedel-Kruse
YR 2017
UL http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2017/12/31/240721.abstract
AB Synthetic multicellular systems hold promise for understanding natural development of biofilms and higher organisms1,2, as well as for engineering complex multi-component metabolic pathways2,3 and materials4. However, such efforts will require tools to adhere cells into defined morphologies and patterns, and these tools are currently lacking1,5,6. Here we report the first 100% genetically encoded synthetic platform for modular cell-cell adhesion in Escherichia coli, which provides control over multicellular self-assembly. Adhesive selectivity is provided by a library of outer membrane-displayed nanobody7,8 and antigen peptides with orthogonal intra-library specificities, while affinity is controlled by intrinsic adhesin affinity, competitive inhibition, and inducible expression. We demonstrate the resulting capabilities for rational design of well-defined morphologies and patterns through homophilic and heterophilic interactions, lattice-like self-assembly, phase separation, differential adhesion, and sequential layering. This adhesion toolbox, compatible with synthetic biology standards9, will enable construction of high-level multicellular designs and shed light on the evolutionary transition to multicellularity6,10.