RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 Cellular and Molecular Probing of Intact Transparent Human Organs JF bioRxiv FD Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory SP 643908 DO 10.1101/643908 A1 Shan Zhao A1 Mihail Ivilinov Todorov A1 Ruiyao Cai A1 Hanno Steinke A1 Elisabeth Kemter A1 Eckhard Wolf A1 Jan Lipfert A1 Ingo Bechmann A1 Ali Ertürk YR 2019 UL http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2019/05/21/643908.abstract AB Optical tissue transparency permits cellular and molecular investigation of complex tissues in 3D, a fundamental need in biomedical sciences. Adult human organs are particularly challenging for this approach, owing to the accumulation of dense and sturdy molecules in decades-aged human tissues. Here, we introduce SHANEL method utilizing a new tissue permeabilization approach to clear and label stiff human organs. We used SHANEL to generate the first intact transparent adult human brain and kidney, and perform 3D histology using antibodies and dyes in centimeters depth. Thereby, we revealed structural details of sclera, iris and suspensory ligament in the human eye, and the vessels and glomeruli in the human kidney. We also applied SHANEL on transgenic pig organs to map complex structures of EGFP expressing beta cells in >10 cm size pancreas. Overall, SHANEL is a robust and unbiased technology to chart the cellular and molecular architecture of intact large mammalian organs.Graphical AbstractSupplementary Movies of SHANEL are available at http://discotechnologies.org/SHANEL/