RT Journal Article
SR Electronic
T1 Chemical Impacts of the Microbiome Across Scales Reveal Novel Conjugated Bile Acids
JF bioRxiv
FD Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
SP 654756
DO 10.1101/654756
A1 Robert A. Quinn
A1 Alison Vrbanac
A1 Alexey V. Melnik
A1 Kathryn A. Patras
A1 Mitchell Christy
A1 Andrew T. Nelson
A1 Alexander Aksenov
A1 Anupriya Tripathi
A1 Greg Humphrey
A1 Ricardo da Silva
A1 Robert Bussell
A1 Taren Thron
A1 Mingxun Wang
A1 Fernando Vargas
A1 Julia M. Gauglitz
A1 Michael J. Meehan
A1 Orit Poulsen
A1 Brigid S. Boland
A1 John T. Chang
A1 William J. Sandborn
A1 Meerana Lim
A1 Neha Garg
A1 Julie Lumeng
A1 Barbara I. Kazmierczak
A1 Ruchi Jain
A1 Marie Egan
A1 Kyung E. Rhee
A1 Gabriel G. Haddad
A1 Dionicio Siegel
A1 Sarkis Mazmanian
A1 Victor Nizet
A1 Rob Knight
A1 Pieter C. Dorrestein
YR 2019
UL http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2019/06/03/654756.abstract
AB A mosaic of cross-phyla chemical interactions occurs between all metazoans and their microbiomes. In humans, the gut harbors the heaviest microbial load, but many organs, particularly those with a mucosal surface, associate with highly adapted and evolved microbial consortia1. The microbial residents within these organ systems are increasingly well characterized, yielding a good understanding of human microbiome composition, but we have yet to elucidate the full chemical impact the microbiome exerts on an animal and the breadth of the chemical diversity it contributes2. A number of molecular families are known to be shaped by the microbiome including short-chain fatty acids, indoles, aromatic amino acid metabolites, complex polysaccharides, and host lipids; such as sphingolipids and bile acids3–11. These metabolites profoundly affect host physiology and are being explored for their roles in both health and disease. Considering the diversity of the human microbiome, numbering over 40,000 operational taxonomic units12, a plethora of molecular diversity remains to be discovered. Here, we use unique mass spectrometry informatics approaches and data mapping onto a murine 3D-model13–15 to provide an untargeted assessment of the chemical diversity between germ-free (GF) and colonized mice (specific-pathogen free, SPF), and report the finding of novel bile acids produced by the microbiome in both mice and humans that have evaded characterization despite 170 years of research on bile acid chemistry16.