RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 Enzyme Intermediates Captured “on-the-fly” by Mix-and-Inject Serial Crystallography JF bioRxiv FD Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory SP 202432 DO 10.1101/202432 A1 Jose Olmos A1 Suraj Pandey A1 Jose M. Martin-Garcia A1 George Calvey A1 Andrea Katz A1 Juraj Knoska A1 Christopher Kupitz A1 Mark S. Hunter A1 Mengning Liang A1 Dominik Oberthuer A1 Oleksandr Yefanov A1 Max Wiedorn A1 Michael Heyman A1 Mark Holl A1 Kanupriya Pande A1 Anton Barty A1 Mitchell D. Miller A1 Stephan Stern A1 Shatabdi Roy-Chowdhury A1 Jesse Coe A1 Nirupa Nagaratnam A1 James Zook A1 Jacob Verburgt A1 Tyler Norwood A1 Ishwor Poudyal A1 David Xu A1 Jason Koglin A1 Matt Seaberg A1 Yun Zhao A1 Saša Bajt A1 Thomas Grant A1 Valerio Mariani A1 Garrett Nelson A1 Ganesh Subramanian A1 Euiyoung Bae A1 Raimund Fromme A1 Russel Fung A1 Peter Schwander A1 Matthias Frank A1 Thomas White A1 Uwe Weierstall A1 Nadia Zatsepin A1 John Spence A1 Petra Fromme A1 Henry N. Chapman A1 Lois Pollack A1 Lee Tremblay A1 Abbas Ourmazd A1 George N. Phillips, Jr. A1 Marius Schmidt YR 2018 UL http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2018/01/18/202432.abstract AB Ever since the first atomic structure of an enzyme was solved, the discovery of the mechanism and dynamics of reactions catalyzed by biomolecules has been the key goal for the understanding of the molecular processes that drive life on earth. Despite a large number of successful methods for trapping reaction intermediates, the direct observation of an ongoing reaction has been possible only in rare and exceptional cases. Here, we demonstrate a general method for capturing enzyme catalysis ‘in-action’ by ‘mix-and-inject serial crystallography’. Specifically, we follow the catalytic reaction of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis α-lactamase with the 3rd generation antibiotic ceftriaxone by time-resolved serial femtosecond crystallography. The results reveal, in near atomic detail, antibiotic cleavage and inactivation on the millisecond to second time scales including the crossover from transition state kinetics to steady-state kinetics.Synopsis An enzymatically catalyzed reaction is initiated by diffusion based mixing of substrate and followed at runtime by time-resolved serial crystallography using a free electron laser.