RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 Greb1 is required for axial elongation and segmentation in vertebrate embryos JF bioRxiv FD Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory SP 692095 DO 10.1101/692095 A1 Ravindra Singh Prajapati A1 Richard Mitter A1 Annalisa Vezzaro A1 David Ish-Horowicz YR 2019 UL http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2019/07/06/692095.abstract AB During vertebrate embryonic development, the formation of axial structures is driven by a population of stem-like cells that reside in a region of the tailbud called the chordoneural hinge (CNH). We have compared the CNH transcriptome with those of surrounding tissues and shown that the CNH and tailbud mesoderm are transcriptionally similar, and distinct from the presomitic mesoderm. Amongst CNH-enriched genes are several that are required for axial elongation, including Wnt3a, Cdx2, Brachyury/T and Fgf8, and androgen/estrogen receptor nuclear signalling components such as Greb1. We show that the pattern and duration of tailbud Greb1 expression is conserved in mouse, zebrafish, and chicken embryos, and that Greb1 is required for axial elongation and somitogenesis in zebrafish embryos. The axial truncation phenotype of Greb1 morphant embryos is explained by much reduced expression of No tail (Ntl/Brachyury) which is required for axial progenitor maintenance. Posterior segmentation defects in the morphants (including misexpression of genes such as mespb, myoD and papC) appear to result, in part, from lost expression of the segmentation clock gene, her7.