PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - Elena Buelow
AU  - Andreu Rico
AU  - Margaux Gaschet
AU  - José Lourenço
AU  - Sean P. Kennedy
AU  - Laure Wiest
AU  - Marie-Cecile Ploy
AU  - Christophe Dagot
TI  - Classification of hospital and urban wastewater resistome and microbiota over time and their relationship to the eco-exposome
AID  - 10.1101/697433
DP  - 2019 Jan 01
TA  - bioRxiv
PG  - 697433
4099  - http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2019/07/09/697433.short
4100  - http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2019/07/09/697433.full
AB  - Wastewaters (WW) are important sources for the dissemination of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) into the environment. Hospital WW (HWW) contain higher loads of micro-pollutants and AMR markers than urban WW (UWW). Little is known about the long-term dynamics of H and U WW and the impact of their joined treatment on the general burden of AMR. Here, we characterized the resistome, microbiota and eco-exposome signature of 126 H and U WW samples treated separately for three years, and then mixed, over one year. Multi-variate analysis and machine learning, revealed a robust signature for each WW with no significant variation over time before mixing, and once mixed, both WW closely resembled U signatures. We demonstrated a significant impact of pharmaceuticals and surfactants on the resistome and microbiota of H and U WW. Our results present considerable targets for AMR related risk assessment of WW.