RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 Sonodynamic therapy as an adjunctive treatment on porphyromonas gingivalis induced periodontitis in rats with diabetes JF bioRxiv FD Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory SP 450585 DO 10.1101/450585 A1 Yi Zhang A1 Hongbo Zhang A1 Deshu Zhuang A1 Liangjia Bi A1 Zheng Hu A1 Wenwu Cao YR 2019 UL http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2019/07/22/450585.abstract AB Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of hematoporphyrin monomethyl ether (HMME)-mediated sonodynamic therapy (SDT) on porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) and experimental periodontal disease in rats with diabetes.Methods Pg (ATCC 33277) was used in this study. Colony forming unit assay was performed to evaluate the bactericidal effect with different ultrasonic time and HMME concentration parameters. The intracellular content of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was detected. 36 female Wistar rats weighing 200 to 250 g were randomly divided into two groups: non-diabetic (ND; n=18) and diabetic (D; n=18). Periodontal disease was induced by orally administering Pg and placing ligatures around the cervix of the first maxillary molar. Streptozotocin (STZ) was injected intraperitoneally (60 mg/kg) to establish the diabetic rat model. After 4 weeks, the rats in each group (ND and D groups) were received one of three treatments (6 rats per treatment): irrigation with sterile saline solution (control group); scaling and root planing (SRP) (SRP group); hypodermic injection of 40 μg/mL HMME with 3 W/cm2 low-intensity ultrasound irradiation every other day (1 MHz, 600 s) (SRP+SDT group). All rats were euthanized at 10 days postoperatively. The maxilla was taken for histological examination. The distance between the cementoenamel junction (CEJ) and the alveolar bone crest (ABC) was measured to access the level of alveolar bone.Results In SDT treatment, higher HMME concentration and longer ultrasound irradiation time induced more CFU reduction. 4.7 lg reduction in CFU, When Pg was treated with ultrasound (3 W/cm2 for 10 min) at 40 μg/mL HMME concentration (P<0.01). The intracellular ROS in SDT group had a significant difference in comparison with the control group (P<0.01). In the D group, the intragroup analysis revealed less bone loss in the SRP+SDT treatment than in the control and SRP treatment (P<0.05). Intergroup analysis (ND and D groups) showed a greater bone loss in the ND group treated with SRP compared to the D group treated with SRP+SDT.Conclusions SDT was an effective adjuvant therapy to SRP on induced periodontal disease and diabetes mellitus in rats.