RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 De novo whole-genome assembly in interspecific hybrid table grape, ‘Shine Muscat’ JF bioRxiv FD Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory SP 730762 DO 10.1101/730762 A1 Kenta Shirasawa A1 Akifumi Azuma A1 Fumiya Taniguchi A1 Toshiya Yamamoto A1 Akihiko Sato A1 Hideki Hirakawa A1 Sachiko Isobe YR 2019 UL http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2019/08/19/730762.abstract AB This study presents the first genome sequence of an interspecific grape hybrid, ‘Shine Muscat’ (Vitis labruscana × V. vinifera), an elite table grape cultivar bred in Japan. The complexity of the genome structure, arising from the interspecific hybridization, necessitated the use of a sophisticated genome assembly pipeline with short-read genome sequence data. The resultant genome assemblies consisted of two types of sequences: a haplotype-phased sequence of the highly heterozygous genomes and an unphased sequence representing a “haploid” genome. The unphased sequences spanned 490.1 Mb in length, 99.4% of the estimated genome size, with 8,696 scaffold sequences with an N50 length of 13.2 Mb. The phased sequences had 15,650 scaffolds spanning 1.0 Gb with N50 of 4.2 Mb. The two sequences comprised 94.7% and 96.3% of the core eukaryotic genes, indicating that the entire genome of ‘Shine Muscat’ was represented. Examination of genome structures revealed possible genome rearrangements between the genomes of ‘Shine Muscat’ and a V. vinifera line. Furthermore, full-length transcriptome sequencing analysis revealed 13,947 gene loci on the ‘Shine Muscat’ genome, from which 26,199 transcript isoforms were transcribed. These genome resources provide new insights that could help cultivation and breeding strategies produce more high-quality table grapes such as ‘Shine Muscat’.