TY - JOUR T1 - Nutrient regulation of the islet epigenome controls adaptive insulin secretion JF - bioRxiv DO - 10.1101/742403 SP - 742403 AU - Matthew Wortham AU - Fenfen Liu AU - Johanna Y. Fleischman AU - Martina Wallace AU - Francesca Mulas AU - Nicholas K. Vinckier AU - Austin R. Harrington AU - Benjamin R. Cross AU - Joshua Chiou AU - Nisha A. Patel AU - Yinghui Sui AU - Ulupi S. Jhala AU - Orian S. Shirihai AU - Mark O. Huising AU - Kyle J. Gaulton AU - Christian M. Metallo AU - Maike Sander Y1 - 2019/01/01 UR - http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2019/08/21/742403.abstract N2 - Adaptation of the islet β-cell insulin secretory response to changing insulin demand is critical for blood glucose homeostasis, yet the mechanisms underlying this adaptation are unknown. Here, we show that nutrient-stimulated histone acetylation plays a key role in adapting insulin secretion through regulation of genes involved in β-cell nutrient sensing and metabolism. Nutrient regulation of the epigenome occurs at sites occupied by the chromatin-modifying enzyme Lsd1 in islets. We demonstrate that β-cell-specific deletion of Lsd1 leads to insulin hypersecretion, aberrant expression of nutrient response genes, and histone hyperacetylation. Islets from mice adapted to chronically increased insulin demand exhibited similar epigenetic and transcriptional changes. Moreover, genetic variants associated with fasting glucose and type 2 diabetes are enriched at LSD1-bound sites in human islets, suggesting that interpretation of nutrient signals is genetically determined. Our findings reveal that adaptive insulin secretion involves Lsd1-mediated coupling of nutrient state to regulation of the islet epigenome. ER -