RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 The HLA Ligand Atlas. A resource of natural HLA ligands presented on benign tissues JF bioRxiv FD Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory SP 778944 DO 10.1101/778944 A1 Ana Marcu A1 Leon Bichmann A1 Leon Kuchenbecker A1 Linus Backert A1 Daniel J. Kowalewski A1 Lena Katharina Freudenmann A1 Markus W. Löffler A1 Maren Lübke A1 Juliane S. Walz A1 Julia Velz A1 Holger Moch A1 Luca Regli A1 Manuela Silginer A1 Michael Weller A1 Andreas Schlosser A1 Oliver Kohlbacher A1 Stefan Stevanović A1 Hans-Georg Rammensee A1 Marian C. Neidert YR 2019 UL http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2019/09/25/778944.abstract AB The human leukocyte antigen (HLA) complex regulates the adaptive immune response by showcasing the intracellular and extracellular protein content to the immune system, where T cells are able to distinguish between self and foreign. Therefore, a comprehensive map of the entirety of both HLA class I- and class II-presented peptides from different tissues, is a highly sought after resource1, as it enables the investigation of basic immunological questions beyond the exome level. In this work, we describe the HLA Ligand Atlas, a comprehensive collection of matched HLA class I and class II ligandomes from 29 non-malignant tissues and 13 human subjects (208 samples in total), covering 38 HLA class I, and 17 HLA*DRB alleles. Nearly 50% of HLA ligands have not been previously described. The generated data is relevant for basic research in diverse fields such as systems biology, general immunology, and molecular biology. Furthermore, the HLA Ligand Atlas provides essential information for translational applications by supporting the development of effective cancer immunotherapies. The characterization of HLA ligands from benign tissues, in particular, is necessary in informing proteogenomic HLA-dependent target discovery approaches. Thus, this data set provides a basis for novel insights into immune-associated processes in the context of tissue and organ transplantation and represents a valuable tool for researchers exploring autoimmunity. The HLA Ligand Atlas is publicly available as a raw data resource but also in the form of a user-friendly web interface that allows users to quickly formulate complex queries against the data set. Both downloadable data and the query interface are available at www.hla-ligand-atlas.org.ACNAcetonitrileAGCAutomatic gain controlCIDCollision-induced dissociationDaDaltonFAFormic acidFDRFalse discovery rateHCDHigher-energy collisional dissociationHLAHuman leukocyte antigenIEDBImmune epitope database and analysis toolLCLiquid chromatographyMSMass spectrometryMS/MSTandem mass spectrometryNATNon-malignant adjacent tissuePBSPhosphate-buffered salineppmParts per millionTFATrifluoroacetic acidUHPLCUltra-high performance liquid chromatography