RT Journal Article
SR Electronic
T1 A meta-analysis reveals temperature, dose, life stage, and taxonomy influence host susceptibility to a fungal parasite
JF bioRxiv
FD Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
SP 818377
DO 10.1101/818377
A1 Erin L. Sauer
A1 Jeremy M. Cohen
A1 Marc J. Lajeunesse
A1 Taegan A. McMahon
A1 David J. Civitello
A1 Sarah A. Knutie
A1 Karena Nguyen
A1 Elizabeth A. Roznik
A1 Brittany F. Sears
A1 Scott Bessler
A1 Bryan K. Delius
A1 Neal Halstead
A1 Nicole Ortega
A1 Matthew D. Venesky
A1 Suzanne Young
A1 Jason R. Rohr
YR 2019
UL http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2019/10/25/818377.abstract
AB Complex ecological relationships, such as host-parasite interactions, are often modeled with laboratory experiments. However, some experimental laboratory conditions, such as temperature or infection dose, are regularly chosen based on convenience or convention and it is unclear how these decisions systematically affect experimental outcomes. Here, we conducted a meta-analysis of 58 laboratory studies that exposed amphibians to the pathogenic fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) to better understand how laboratory temperature, host life stage, infection dose, and host species affect host mortality. We found that host mortality was driven by thermal mismatches: hosts native to cooler environments experienced greater Bd-induced mortality at relatively warm experimental temperatures and vice versa. We also found that Bd dose positively predicted Bd-induced host mortality and that the superfamilies Bufonoidea and Hyloidea were especially susceptible to Bd. Finally, the effect of Bd on host mortality varied across host life stages, with larval amphibians experiencing lower risk of Bd-induced mortality than adults or metamorphs. Metamorphs were especially susceptible and experienced mortality when inoculated with much smaller Bd doses than the average dose used by researchers. Our results suggest that when designing experiments on species interactions, researchers should carefully consider the experimental temperature, and inoculum dose, and life stage and taxonomy of the host species.