PT - JOURNAL ARTICLE AU - Azadeh Seidi AU - Linden S. Muellner-Wong AU - Esther Rajendran AU - Edwin T. Tjhin AU - Laura F. Dagley AU - Y.T. Vincent Aw AU - Andrew I. Webb AU - Christopher J. Tonkin AU - Giel G. van Dooren TI - Identification of a divergent cytochrome <em>c</em> oxidase complex in the mitochondrial proteome of <em>Toxoplasma gondii</em> AID - 10.1101/320184 DP - 2018 Jan 01 TA - bioRxiv PG - 320184 4099 - http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2018/05/11/320184.short 4100 - http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2018/05/11/320184.full AB - The mitochondrion of apicomplexan parasites is critical for parasite survival, although the full complement of proteins that localize to this organelle has not been defined. Here we undertake two independent approaches to elucidate the mitochondrial proteome of the apicomplexan Toxoplasma gondii. We identify 421 mitochondrial proteins, many of which lack homologs in the animals that these parasites infect, and most of which are important for parasite growth. We demonstrate that one such protein, termed TgApiCox25, is an important component of the parasite cytochrome c oxidase (COX) complex. We identify numerous other apicomplexan-specific components of COX, and conclude that apicomplexan COX, and apicomplexan mitochondria more generally, differ substantially in their protein composition from the hosts they infect. Our study highlights the diversity that exists in mitochondrial proteomes across the eukaryotic domain of life, and provides a foundation for defining unique aspects of mitochondrial biology in an important phylum of parasites.