RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 Controlling CRISPR-Cas9 with ligand-activated and ligand-deactivated sgRNAs JF bioRxiv FD Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory SP 323105 DO 10.1101/323105 A1 Kale Kundert A1 James E. Lucas A1 Kyle E. Watters A1 Christof Fellmann A1 Andrew H. Ng A1 Benjamin M. Heineike A1 Christina M. Fitzsimmons A1 Benjamin L. Oakes A1 David F. Savage A1 Hana El-Samad A1 Jennifer A. Doudna A1 Tanja Kortemme YR 2018 UL http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2018/05/15/323105.abstract AB The CRISPR-Cas9 system provides the ability to edit, repress, activate, or mark any gene (or DNA element) by pairing of a programmable single guide RNA (sgRNA) with a complementary sequence on the DNA target. Here we present a new method for small-molecule control of CRISPR-Cas9 function through insertion of RNA aptamers into the sgRNA. We show that CRISPR-Cas9-based gene repression (CRISPRi) can be either activated or deactivated in a dose-dependent fashion over a >10-fold dynamic range in response to two different small-molecule ligands. Since our system acts directly on each target-specific sgRNA, it enables new applications that require differential and opposing temporal control of multiple genes.