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Inflammasome Signaling and Bacterial Infections pp 257–282Cite as

Inflammasome Activation Can Mediate Tissue-Specific Pathogenesis or Protection in Staphylococcus aureus Infection

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Part of the book series: Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology ((CT MICROBIOLOGY,volume 397))

Abstract

Staphylococcus aureus is a Gram-positive coccus that interacts with human hosts on a spectrum from quiet commensal to deadly pathogen. S. aureus is capable of infecting nearly every tissue in the body resulting in cellulitis, pneumonia, osteomyelitis, endocarditis, brain abscesses, bacteremia, and more. S. aureus has a wide range of factors that promote infection, and each site of infection triggers a different response in the human host. In particular, the different patterns of inflammasome activation mediate tissue-specific pathogenesis or protection in S. aureus infection. Although still a nascent field, understanding the unique host–pathogen interactions in each infection and the role of inflammasomes in mediating pathogenesis may lead to novel strategies for treating S. aureus infections. Reviews addressing S. aureus virulence and pathogenesis (Thammavongsa et al. 2015), as well as epidemiology and pathophysiology (Tong et al. 2015), have recently been published. This review will focus on S. aureus factors that activate inflammasomes and their impact on innate immune signaling and bacterial survival.

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Acknowledgments

The authors’ research has been supported by the National Institutes of Health: JHM received support from UNC MSTP T32GM008719 and UNC Predoctoral Training in Pharmacologic Sciences T32GM007040, and JAD was supported by research grant R01AI088255. JAD is an awardee of the Burroughs Wellcome Fund Career Award for Medical Scientists.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA

    Jason H. Melehani & Joseph A. Duncan

  2. Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA

    Joseph A. Duncan

  3. Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA

    Joseph A. Duncan

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  1. Jason H. Melehani
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  2. Joseph A. Duncan
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Correspondence to Joseph A. Duncan .

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  1. Department of Biology, Division of Microbiology , Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen/Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany

    Steffen Backert

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Melehani, J.H., Duncan, J.A. (2016). Inflammasome Activation Can Mediate Tissue-Specific Pathogenesis or Protection in Staphylococcus aureus Infection. In: Backert, S. (eds) Inflammasome Signaling and Bacterial Infections. Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology, vol 397. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-41171-2_13

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