Abstract
Polyploidization is an important process in the evolutionary history of most eukaryotic species. It oftentimes causes large-scale genomic reorganizations and is accompanied by a wide variety of phenotypic alterations in morphology, niche preference and fitness characteristics. Despite their importance, the morphological effects of alterations in ploidy are not well understood. We investigated these changes in four diverse maize inbred lines, using monoploid, diploid, triploid and tetraploid derivatives, measuring 13 characters in a randomized field study. Employing several analysis of variance approaches, we find that all characters investigated strongly respond to alterations in ploidy. This response appears to have two sources: one source is shared by all inbred lines and constitutes a common response to ploidy change. The other source is genotype specific and results in a response to ploidy change that varies among inbred lines. This finding demonstrates the existence of genetic variation for the morphological response to ploidy change in Zea mays.
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Acknowledgments
We are very grateful to Don Auger for generating the B73 triploid individuals and to Amy Walker and Jessica Heman for their assistance with fieldwork. We would also like to thank the members of the Birchler lab as well as the members of the “Functional Genomics of Polyploids” project for stimulating discussion and advice. Funding for this work was provided by the National Institute of Health (NRSA post-doctoral fellowship to NCR) and National Science Foundation (DBI0077774 and DBI 0501712).
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Communicated by M. Kearsey.
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Riddle, N.C., Kato, A. & Birchler, J.A. Genetic variation for the response to ploidy change in Zea mays L.. Theor Appl Genet 114, 101–111 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00122-006-0414-z
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00122-006-0414-z