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Microbial Communities Associated with Electrodes Harvesting Electricity from a Variety of Aquatic Sediments

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Abstract

The microbial communities associated with electrodes from underwater fuel cells harvesting electricity from five different aquatic sediments were investigated. Three fuel cells were constructed with marine, salt-marsh, or freshwater sediments incubated in the laboratory. Fuel cells were also deployed in the field in salt marsh sediments in New Jersey and estuarine sediments in Oregon, USA. All of the sediments produced comparable amounts of power. Analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences after 3–7 months of incubation demonstrated that all of the energy-harvesting anodes were highly enriched in microorganisms in the δ-Proteobacteria when compared with control electrodes not connected to a cathode. Geobacteraceae accounted for the majority of δ-Proteobacterial sequences or all of the energy-harvesting anodes, except the one deployed at the Oregon estuarine site. Quantitative PCR analysis of 16S rRNA genes and culturing studies indicated that Geobacteraceae were 100-fold more abundant on the marine-deployed anodes versus controls. Sequences most similar to microorganisms in the family Desulfobulbaceae predominated on the anode deployed in the estuarine sediments, and a significant proportion of the sequences recovered from the freshwater anodes were closely related to the Fe(III)-reducing isolate, Geothrix fermentans. There was also a specific enrichment of microorganisms on energy harvesting cathodes, but the enriched populations varied with the sediment/water source. Thus, future studies designed to help optimize the harvesting of electricity from aquatic sediments or waste organic matter should focus on the electrode interactions of these microorganisms which are most competitive in colonizing anodes and cathodes.

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Acknowledgments

This research was supported by the Office of Naval Research (ONR) (grant N00014-00-1-0776), the Defense Advanced Research Project’s Agency (DARPA) Defense Sciences Office (DSO) (grant N66001-02-C-8044), and the Office of Science (BER), U.S. Department of Energy (cooperative agreement No. DE-FC02-02ER63446).

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  1. Department of Microbiology, University of Massachusetts, 106N Morril IV N, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA

    D.E. Holmes, D.R. Bond, R.A. O’Neil & D.R. Lovley

  2. Hatfield Marine Science Center, Oregon State University, 2030 SE Marine Science Drive, Newport, OR, 97365, USA

    C.E. Reimers

  3. Center for Bio/molecular Science and Engineering, Code 6900, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, 20375, USA

    L.R. Tender

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  1. D.E. Holmes
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Correspondence to D.R. Lovley.

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Holmes, D., Bond, D., O’Neil, R. et al. Microbial Communities Associated with Electrodes Harvesting Electricity from a Variety of Aquatic Sediments. Microb Ecol 48, 178–190 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00248-003-0004-4

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