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Ethanol production from xylose in engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains: current state and perspectives

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Abstract

Bioethanol production from xylose is important for utilization of lignocellulosic biomass as raw materials. The research on yeast conversion of xylose to ethanol has been intensively studied especially for genetically engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae during the last 20 years. S. cerevisiae, which is a very safe microorganism that plays a traditional and major role in industrial bioethanol production, has several advantages due to its high ethanol productivity, as well as its high ethanol and inhibitor tolerance. However, this yeast cannot ferment xylose, which is the dominant pentose sugar in hydrolysates of lignocellulosic biomass. A number of different strategies have been applied to engineer yeasts capable of efficiently producing ethanol from xylose, including the introduction of initial xylose metabolism and xylose transport, changing the intracellular redox balance, and overexpression of xylulokinase and pentose phosphate pathways. In this review, recent progress with regard to these studies is discussed, focusing particularly on xylose-fermenting strains of S. cerevisiae. Recent studies using several promising approaches such as host strain selection and adaptation to obtain further improved xylose-utilizing S. cerevisiae are also addressed.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank Dr. Katsuji Murakami, Mr. Osamu Takimura, Mr. Shinichi Yano, Dr. Kenichiro Tsukahara, Dr. Ohgiya Satoru (AIST), and Dr. Keisuke Makino and Dr. Seiya Watanabe (Kyoto University) for their useful discussions. Many thanks are due also to Dr. Takeshi Mizuno and Dr. Takafumi Yamashino (Nagoya University) for their encouragement and useful discussions. This study was supported in part by the New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO), Japan.

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  1. Biomass Technology Research Center (BTRC), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 2-2-2 Hirosuehiro, Kure, Hiroshima, 737-0197, Japan

    Akinori Matsushika, Hiroyuki Inoue & Shigeki Sawayama

  2. Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan

    Tsutomu Kodaki

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  1. Akinori Matsushika
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  2. Hiroyuki Inoue
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Correspondence to Akinori Matsushika.

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Matsushika, A., Inoue, H., Kodaki, T. et al. Ethanol production from xylose in engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains: current state and perspectives. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 84, 37–53 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-009-2101-x

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