Abstract
Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) infection was successfully initiated in pigs by intraoral inoculation of both 106 and 103 TCID50 of FMDV O/JPN/2010 isolated from the 2010 epidemic in Japan. By intranasal inoculation, infection was established in pigs with 106 TCID50 of the isolate, but not with 103 TCID50 of the isolate. In the pigs inoculated with 106 TCID50 of the isolate, viruses and viral RNAs were obtained earlier from the pigs inoculated by the intraoral route than from the pigs inoculated by the intranasal route. These results support the theory that primary infection of a pig herd is more likely to occur by ingestion than by inhalation and that the oral cavity is likely to be a major entry route for FMDV in naturally exposed pigs.
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Acknowledgments
The authors are grateful to Mr. Kohei Honda (Yamagata Prefectural Central District Animal Hygiene Service Center, Yamagata, Japan) and Mr. Tomohiko Shimoda (Mie Prefectural Central District Animal Hygiene Service Center, Tsu, Japan) for technical assistance. The authors would also like to thank Mr. Hiroki Kimura, Mr. Masayuki Kanda, Mr. Shinya Sato, Mr. Kenichi Ishii, Mr. Tatsuo Nakamura and Mr. Shigeo Mizumura for their care of the animals. This study was supported as part of a research project on improving food and animal health by the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries of Japan.
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Fukai, K., Yamada, M., Morioka, K. et al. Dose-dependent responses of pigs infected with foot-and-mouth disease virus O/JPN/2010 by the intranasal and intraoral routes. Arch Virol 160, 129–139 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-014-2239-4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-014-2239-4