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Seasonal changes in bacterial diversity in the Salton Sea

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Abstract

The Salton Sea is a large, shallow, endorheic, polymictic, saline lake in Southern California sustained by runoff from local agricultural and municipal wastewater. As a closed-basin lake in an arid region with declining water supply, it is becoming increasingly saline. Due to its eutrophic status and episodic wind-driven mixing, basin-wide anoxia events are becoming more common during summer. Sequencing of 16S rRNA gene clones obtained from the water column and sediments provided the first molecular assessment of bacterial community structure in the Salton Sea. Similar to other saline habitats, the water column community was dominated by Gamma- and Alphaproteobacteria, and Bacteroidetes, although there was significant seasonal variability in diversity, richness, and the specific genera recovered. Sediments showed high diversity and richness and were dominated by sequences from cultured and uncultured phyla typical of marine sediments, especially the Deltaproteobacteria. This study has provided baseline data about the bacterial communities found in this important California water body and may serve as important indicators of change as the lake becomes increasingly saline over time or as remediation efforts are enacted.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by California State University, Long Beach, start-up funds and SCAC support as well as CSU Program in Education and Research in Biotechnology (CSUPERB) funding to J.G.D and Howard Hughes Medical Institute student thesis fellowship funding to L.M.M. We would like to thank the Salton Sea Authority for the use of their boat and personnel assistance and Dr. Stuart Hurlbert for introducing us to the Salton Sea during his Limnology class field trip in Fall 2004. We thank Dr. Simon Malcomber for fruitful discussions of these data and assistance with Bayesian phylogenetic analyses run on the computer-processing cluster at the University of Missouri, St. Louis. We thank Brandon Swan and Thuy Vo for assistance in sample collection in the field. We acknowledge the helpful suggestions for improvement of the manuscript by the editor and two anonymous reviewers.

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  1. Lisa M. McMath

    Present address: Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, 92697, Irvine, CA, USA

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  1. Department of Biological Sciences, California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA, 90895, USA

    Jesse G. Dillon, Lisa M. McMath & Amber L. Trout

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Dillon, J.G., McMath, L.M. & Trout, A.L. Seasonal changes in bacterial diversity in the Salton Sea. Hydrobiologia 632, 49–64 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-009-9827-4

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