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Are Biological Systems Poised at Criticality?

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Abstract

Many of life’s most fascinating phenomena emerge from interactions among many elements—many amino acids determine the structure of a single protein, many genes determine the fate of a cell, many neurons are involved in shaping our thoughts and memories. Physicists have long hoped that these collective behaviors could be described using the ideas and methods of statistical mechanics. In the past few years, new, larger scale experiments have made it possible to construct statistical mechanics models of biological systems directly from real data. We review the surprising successes of this “inverse” approach, using examples from families of proteins, networks of neurons, and flocks of birds. Remarkably, in all these cases the models that emerge from the data are poised near a very special point in their parameter space—a critical point. This suggests there may be some deeper theoretical principle behind the behavior of these diverse systems.

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  1. Thierry Mora

    Present address: Laboratoire de Physique Statistique de l’École Normale Supérieure, UMR 8550 of CNRS associated with Universities Paris 6 et Paris 7, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231, Paris Cedex 05, France

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  1. Joseph Henry Laboratories of Physics, Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA

    Thierry Mora & William Bialek

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Mora, T., Bialek, W. Are Biological Systems Poised at Criticality?. J Stat Phys 144, 268–302 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10955-011-0229-4

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