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Inflammation as a Therapeutic Target for Diabetic Neuropathies

  • Microvascular Complications—Neuropathy (R Pop-Busui, Section Editor)
  • Published:
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Abstract

Diabetic neuropathies (DNs) are one of the most prevalent chronic complications of diabetes and a major cause of disability, high mortality, and poor quality of life. Given the complex anatomy of the peripheral nervous system and types of fiber dysfunction, DNs have a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations. The treatment of DNs continues to be challenging, likely due to the complex pathogenesis that involves an array of systemic and cellular imbalances in glucose and lipids metabolism. These lead to the activation of various biochemical pathways, including increased oxidative/nitrosative stress, activation of the polyol and protein kinase C pathways, activation of polyADP ribosylation, and activation of genes involved in neuronal damage, cyclooxygenase-2 activation, endothelial dysfunction, altered Na+/K+-ATPase pump function, impaired C-peptide-related signaling pathways, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and low-grade inflammation. This review summarizes current evidence regarding the role of low-grade inflammation as a potential therapeutic target for DNs.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank Dr. Stacey Sakowski Jacoby for expert editorial assistance.

Funding was provided by the National Institutes of Health (1R01HL102334, 1R03 DK094499, and 1DP3DK094292 to R.P.B) and (1DP3DK094292, 1R24082841 to E.L.F.); Novo Nordisk Foundation (NNF14SA0006 to E.L.F.), Program for Neurology Research and Discovery; and the A. Alfred Taubman Medical Research Institute.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Metabolism, Metabolism Endocrinology and Diabetes, University of Michigan, 5329 Brehm Tower, 1000 Wall Street, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA

    Rodica Pop-Busui & Lynn Ang

  2. The Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Diabetes, Dominos Farms, Lobby C, Suite 1300 24 Frank Lloyd Wright Drive, PO Box 451, Ann Arbor, MI, 48106-0451, USA

    Crystal Holmes

  3. Department of Surgery, Section of Vascular Surgery, University of Michigan Health System, 1500 East Medical Center Dr, SPC 5867, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA

    Katherine Gallagher

  4. Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, 5017 AATBSRB, 109 Zina Pitcher Place, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2200, USA

    Eva L. Feldman

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  1. Rodica Pop-Busui
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Correspondence to Rodica Pop-Busui.

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Rodica Pop-Busui, Lynn Ang, Crystal Holmes, Katherine Gallagher, and Eva L. Feldman declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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This article is part of the Topical Collection on Microvascular Complications—Neuropathy

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Pop-Busui, R., Ang, L., Holmes, C. et al. Inflammation as a Therapeutic Target for Diabetic Neuropathies. Curr Diab Rep 16, 29 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11892-016-0727-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11892-016-0727-5

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