Effects of 5-azacytidine and its 2′-deoxyderivative on cell differentiation and DNA methylation
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5-Azacytidine pretreatment confers transient upregulation of proliferation and stemness in human mesenchymal stem cells
2021, Cells and DevelopmentCitation Excerpt :This usually occurs during the S phase of cell cycle in rapidly proliferating cells whereby 5-AzaCR is incorporated into the DNA. It remains covalently bound with the DNMT and DNA, causing the enzyme functions to be blocked and loss of methylation in the daughter cells after replication (Jones, 1985; Tanaka et al., 1980). This therefore leads to a change in the epigenetic restriction and subsequent reactivation of genes that are relevant to the acquisition of higher stem cell potential (Christman, 2002).
Experience and the genome: The role of epigenetics
2021, New Horizons in EvolutionAzacitidine in adult patients with acute myeloid leukemia
2017, Critical Reviews in Oncology/HematologyCitation Excerpt :As described here, encouraging data from clinical trials, azacitidine treatment registries, and retrospective analyses, suggest that azacitidine has wide therapeutic application in AML. Azacitidine is a cytidine analog DNA methyltransferase inhibitor and hypomethylating agent (HMA) (Jones, 1985a,b; Jones et al., 1983). Azacitidine is phosphorylated by uridine-cytidine kinase to a monophosphate derivative and then further to diphosphate and triphosphate forms.
Incorporation of an epigenetic evaluation into safety assessment: What we first need to know
2017, Current Opinion in ToxicologyCitation Excerpt :In 1984 it was shown that 5-azacytidine acts as a non-competitive inhibitor of DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase and can cause hypomethylation of DNA in mammalian cells [5]. The ability of 5-azacytidine to act, following its incorporation into DNA, to inhibit DNA methyltransferase resulting in new cytosine methylation patterns (hypomethylation) leading to altered gene expression and differentiation was first reviewed in a comprehensive fashion in 1985 [6]. Thus, as it has become apparent that epigenetic mechanisms underlie differentiation and specify the phenotype of cells it is not unexpected to see that the number of publications and interest in this area of science have increased at a stunning rate in recent years.
Combination of epigenetic erasing and mechanical cues to generate human epiBlastoids from adult dermal fibroblasts
2023, Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics