Review articleMutations in the ras proto-oncogene: clues to etiology and molecular pathogenesis of mouse liver tumors
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2018, Journal of HepatologyCitation Excerpt :These base substitutions are consistent with the persistence and mutagenicity of unrepaired alkylated thymidine lesions formed by metabolically activated DEN.11 T:A to A:T transversions and T:A to C:G transitions have been reported previously as predominant types of mutations induced by DEN, although these studies were limited to the sequencing of specific endogenous cancer genes or of surrogate genes in transgenic mouse mutation assays.12,36 The 5′ and 3′ nucleobases adjacent to point mutations in mouse DEN-induced tumours showed a complex pattern of biases.
The additive to background assumption in cancer risk assessment: A reappraisal
2018, Environmental ResearchCitation Excerpt :A substantial number of the studies as summarized in Tables 8–18, and Figs. 3–10 compare spontaneous and induced tumors for oncogene mutation. When the carcinogen treatment induces different mutations and/or different mutation patterns than those of the spontaneous tumors it suggests that the carcinogen induced tumor occurred via different mechanism(s) than those involved in spontaneous tumors (Maronpot et al., 1995-page 132). An example of such a carcinogen induced altered mutation spectra is seen in Fig. 3, which compares spontaneous and NDEA-induced liver H-ras oncogene mutations in the B6C3F1 mouse with respect to codon 61 induced mutations at the three positions.
Carcinogenesis: Manifestation and Mechanisms
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