The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
PaperActions of steroid hormones and growth factors on glial cells of the central and peripheral nervous system
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2020, NeuroImageCitation Excerpt :In addition to its neuronal effects, progesterone also impacts non-neuronal cell populations. Progesterone increases the number of oligodendrocytes expressing myelin-specific proteins (Jung-Testas et al., 1994) and promotes myelination in Schwann cells (Koeniget al., 1995) on the order of days (Hussainet al., 2011) and weeks (Koeniget al., 1995). While this has been observed during development and in response to injury (reviewed in Schumacher, 2012, 2014), the effects of progesterone on myelination across the menstrual cycle are not yet known.
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2019, Brain ResearchCitation Excerpt :At this point, it is worth mentioning that progesterone per se also might up-regulate the transcriptional activators. Progesterone direct actions were also supported by some reports that describe PR expression in OL cultures (Jung-Testas et al., 1994) and the release of progesterone and its derivates during OPC development in vitro (Gago et al., 2001). The rapid metabolism of progesterone into 3α, 5α-tetrahydroprogesterone (Labombarda et al., 2006b), a metabolite showing promyelinating activity in the PNS and CNS (Ciriza et al., 2004; Djebaili et al., 2005; Ghoumari et al., 2003) opens up the multiplicity of actions of progesterone treatment.
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2010, Brain ResearchCitation Excerpt :The aging-process is associated with elevated astrocyte density, oxidative stress, decreased synaptic plasticity, and decreased white matter volume and protein density (Godbout and Johnson, 2009; Mouton et al., 2002; Resnick et al., 2003; Morrison and Hof, 1997). Interestingly, astrocytic, synaptic, and myelin basic proteins are also regulated by IL-6 and estrogen (Martinez, 2006; Jung-Testas et al., 1994; Behl et al., 1997; Zhang et al., 2006; Nakanishi et al., 2007). Therefore if IL-6 deficiency can lower aging-related inflammation in aged females, it may particularly affect the expression of astrocytic, synaptic or myelin associated proteins.
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