Stromal cell-derived factor 1 is secreted by meningeal cells and acts as chemotactic factor on neuronal stem cells of the cerebellar external granular layer
Section snippets
Animals
Rats (Wistar strain) were kept in a conventional breeding facility at a 12/12-h light/dark cycle and were mated overnight. For the designation of developmental stages, the day following mating was counted as embryonic day 0 (E 0) and the day of birth as postnatal day zero (P 0).
Immunohistochemistry
Animals were killed by an overdose of anaesthetics and fixed by transcardiac perfusion with either 4% paraformaldehyde in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) at pH 7.2 or Bouin’s solution diluted 1/4 in PBS (pH 2.5). Brains
Expression of CXCR4 in the cerebellar anlage
We have analysed the in vivo expression of the SDF-1 receptor CXCR4 by immunohistochemistry between E 14 and P 30 (Fig. 1). During prenatal development, immunoreactivity for CXCR4 is first seen in the region of the rhombic lip from E 14 onward, being localized (i) on vascular endothelia both within the developing brain parenchyma and the leptomeningeal tissue and (ii) on emigrating cells setting up the EGL. This latter band of cells passes through the entire thickness of the cerebellar
Developmental biology of the EGL
Key aspects of the ontogeny of the EGL depend on interactions with the overlying meningeal cell layer. Selective destruction of these fibroblasts during a critical developmental period (Sievers et al., 1994a, Sievers et al., 1994b, Sievers et al., 1994c) terminates the tangential caudorostral expansion of this stem cell compartment, most cells of which rapidly leave their subsurface position to become ectopically scattered within the cerebellar cortical anlage. Also, development of the
Acknowledgements
The authors are indebted to Monika Grell, Gundel Jopp, Marion Koelln and Marleen Regent for their expert technical assistance. We thank Prof. Guido David, Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, for the generous supply of antibodies against HSPG and heparitinase and many helpful discussions. The work was partly funded by a grant from the Faculty of Medicine, CAU Kiel.
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