Cystofilobasidium: a New Genus in the Filobasidiaceae

doi:10.1016/S0723-2020(83)80039-3

Systematic and Applied Microbiology

Volume 4, Issue 1, January 1983, Pages 114-122

https://doi.org/10.1016/S0723-2020(83)80039-3 Get rights and content

Summary

Description is provided of a new heterobasidiomycetous genus, Cystofilobasidium, based on Rhodosporidium capitatum. The genus is characterized by teliospores which give rise to filobasidiaceous basidia, sessile primary basidiospores which remain attached to the basidium, and a yeast phase developing from buds produced by the primary spores. Two species formerly placed in Rhodosporidium are transferred to Cystofilobasidium; these are C. bisporidiis (Fell, Hunter and Tallman) Oberw. and Bandoni comb, nov., and C. capitatum (Fell, Hunter and Tallman) Oberw. and Bandoni, comb. nov.

References (25)

A.R. Spurr
A low-viscosity epoxy resin embedding medium for electron microscopy
J. Ultrastr. Rev.
(1969)
D.E. Cox
A new Basidiomycete with anomalous basidia
Mycologia
(1976)
J.L. Crane et al.
Rogersiomyces, a new genus in the Filobasidiaceae (Homobasidiomycetes) from an aquatic habitat
Amer. J. Bot.
(1978)
J. De Ley
Reexamination of the association between the melting point, boyant density and chemical base composition of deoxyribonucleic acid
J. Bact.
(1970)
G. Deml
Feinstrukturelle Merkmalsanalysen an Ustilaginales-Arten
Z. Pilzk.
(1977)
G. Demi et al.
Investigations on Entorrhiza casparyana by light and electron microscopy
Mycologia
(1981)
J.W. Fell
Heterobasidiomycetous yeasts Leucosporidium and Rhodosporidium. Their systematics and sexual incompatibility systems
Trans. Mycol. Soc. Jap.
(1974)
J.W. Fell et al.
Marine basidiomycetous yeasts (Rhodosporidium spp. n.) with tetrapolar and multiple allelic bipolar mating systems
Canad. J. Microbiol.
(1973)
J.W. Fell et al.
Leucosporidium gen. nov., the heterobasidiomycetous stage of several yeasts of the genus Candida
Antonie v. Leeuwenhoek
(1969)
J.A. Johnson-Reid et al.
Some ultrastructural features of Rhodosporidium toruloides Banno
Antonie v. Leeuwenhoek
(1972)

K.J. Kwon-Chung

A new genus, Filobasidiella, the perfect stage of Cryptococcus neoformans

Mycologia

(1975)

K.J. Kwon-Chung

Morphogenesis of Filobasidiella neoformans, the sexual state of Cryptococcus necformans

Mycologia

(1976)

Cited by (41)

PCR-based method for the rapid identification of astaxanthin-accumulating yeasts (Phaffia spp.)
2016, Revista Argentina de Microbiologia
It has been recently found that the natural distribution, habitat, and genetic diversity of astaxanthin-producing yeasts (i.e. Phaffia rhodozyma, synonym Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous) is much greater than previously thought. P. rhodozyma is biotechnologically exploited due to its ability to produce the carotenoid pigment astaxanthin and thus, it is used as a natural source of this pigment for aquaculture. P. rhodozyma was also capable of synthesizing the potent UVB sunscreen mycosporine-glutaminol-glucoside (MGG). Therefore, further environmental studies are needed to elucidate its ecological aspects and detect new potential strains for the production of astaxanthin and MGG. However, obtaining new isolates of P. rhodozyma and related species is not always easy due to its low abundance and the presence of other sympatric and pigmented yeasts. In this work we report a successful development of a species-specific primer which has the ability to quickly and accurately detecting isolates representing all known lineages of the genus Phaffia (including novel species of the genus) and excluding closely related taxa. For this purpose, a primer of 20 nucleotides (called PhR) was designed to be used in combination with universal primers ITS3 and NL4 in a multiplex amplification. The proposed method has the sensitivity and specificity required for the precise detection of new isolates, and therefore represents an important tool for the environmental search for novel astaxanthin-producing yeasts.
Recientemente, se ha encontrado que la distribución natural, el hábitat y la diversidad genética de levaduras productoras de astaxantina (p. ej., Phaffia rhodozyma, sinónimo Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous) son mucho mayores de lo que se pensaba. P. rhodozyma se explota biotecnológicamente debido a su capacidad para producir el pigmento carotenoide astaxantina y, por lo tanto, se utiliza como una fuente natural de este pigmento para la acuicultura. También se encontró que esta levadura es capaz de sintetizar el potente protector solar UVB micosporina-glutaminol-glucósido (MGG). Por lo tanto, más estudios ambientales para dilucidar sus aspectos ecológicos y detectar nuevas cepas potenciales productoras de astaxantina y MGG son necesarios. Sin embargo, la obtención de nuevos aislamientos de P. rhodozyma y especies relacionadas no siempre es fácil debido a su baja abundancia y a la presencia de otras levaduras simpátricas y pigmentadas. En este trabajo se describe el desarrollo exitoso de un cebador especie-específico que tiene la capacidad de detectar rápidamente y con precisión cepas representativas de todos los linajes del género Phaffia previamente reportados (incluyendo nuevas especies del género) y excluir especies estrechamente relacionadas. Para ello, se diseñó un cebador de 20 nucleótidos (denominado PhR) para ser utilizado en combinación con los cebadores universales ITS3 y NL4 en una amplificación multiplex. El método propuesto tiene la sensibilidad y la especificidad requerida para la detección precisa de nuevos aislamientos y, por lo tanto, representa una importante herramienta para la búsqueda ambiental de nuevas levaduras productoras de astaxantina.
Bartheletia paradoxa is a living fossil on Ginkgo leaf litter with a unique septal structure in the Basidiomycota
2008, Mycological Research
Citation Excerpt :
This phylogenetic hypothesis is consistent with the morphological and ultrastructural data. The formation of teliospores (except for Xanthophyllomyces) and dolipores without parenthesomes are unique features in Agaricomycotina and characterize Cystofilobasidiales (Oberwinkler et al. 1983; Suh et al. 1993; Sampaio et al. 2001). That order is one of the most basal agaricomycotinous lineages (Fell et al. 2000, 2001), but teliospores of Cystofilobasidium germinate with holobasidia, whereas Bartheletia has longitudinally septate phragmobasidia and further multiple plasmodesma-like perforations in the septa.
Bartheletia paradoxa, a basidiomycete growing on fallen leaves of Ginkgo biloba, is redescribed. In autumn a rapidly developing anamorph is formed on freshly fallen leaves and subsequently a teleomorph with hemispherical pustules of thick-walled resting spores (teliospores) that germinate after a resting period of one year with stipitate, longitudinally septate, statismosporic phragmobasidia. The basidia produce several basidiospores on each sporogenous locus. Inoculation experiments and observations in the field suggest that the basidiospores infect the freshly fallen leaves of G. biloba so that the life cycle is completed. The extraordinarily rapid development has also been confirmed in cultures on agar media and in inoculation experiments. Inoculation experiments also indicate that the fungus is specific to G. biloba. The septa of the hyphae have no central pores, but multiple plasmodesma-like perforations. The basidiospores and conidia are uninucleate, but an assessment of the karyology is still pending. A molecular phylogenetic hypothesis based on nuSSU rDNA sequences suggests that the fungus belongs to the Agaricomycotina, clustering in an unresolved position at the basal branching of the group. The family Bartheletiaceae fam. nov. is proposed to accommodate Bartheletia paradoxa in the Agaricomycotina. The name B. paradoxa is validated by a Latin diagnosis and by the designation of types.
Detection, identification and enumeration methods for spoilage yeasts
2006, Food spoilage microorganisms
Cold-active pectinolytic activity of psychrophilic-basidiomycetous yeast Cystofilobasidium capitatum strain PPY-1
2002, Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering
A pectinolytic and psychrophilic yeast was isolated from soil from Abashiri, Hokkaido, Japan. The phenotype and sequencing of the 28S rDNA of the isolated strain (PPY-1) indicated a taxonomic affiliation to the basidiomycetous yeast Cystofilobasidium capitatum. C. capitatum strain PPY-1 was able to grow on two pectic compounds, polygalacturonate and pectin, at below 5°C. Moreover, the extracellular fraction of the strain exhibited pectin methylesterase, pectin lyase and polygalacturonase activities at 5°C. Thus strain PPY-1 may produce novel enzymes that are able to degrade pectin at low temperature, although the strain has isozymes of these enzymes.
Phylogenetic placement of the basidiomycetous yeasts Kondoa malvinella and Rhodosporidium dacryoidum, and the anamorphic yeast Sympodiomycopsis paphiopedili by means of 18S rRNA gene sequence analysis
1994, Mycoscience
The 18S ribosomal RNA gene sequences of the basidiomycetous yeasts Kondoa malvinella and Rhodosporidium dacryoidum, and an anamorphic yeast Sympodiomycopsis paphiopedili were determined. The 18S rRNA gene of R. dacryoidum IAM 13522 (ex type) revealed the presence of an intron-like region with a length of 404 nucleotides, which is presumably assigned to a group I intron. The phylogenetic tree, including 34 published reference sequences, was inferred from 1493 sites which could be unambiguously aligned. The molecular phylogeny, using the ascomycetes as an outgroup, divided the basidiomycetes into three major lineages. The first lineage was composed of the smut fungi (Ustilaginales), represented by Ustilago maydis, U. hordei, and Tilletia caries, including S. paphiopedili. The second lineage included the type species of teliospore-forming yeast genera Leucosporidium, Rhodosporidium, and Sporidiobolus, and the genera Erythrobasidium and Kondoa, both previously included in the Filobasidiaceae. Rhodosporidium dacryoidum showed a close relationship with E. hasegawianum, which was backed by a high bootstrap support. The rust fungi Cronartium ribicola and Peridermium harknessii were also included in this lineage. The last lineage was formed by the filobasidiaceous yeasts, Cystofilobasidium capitatum, Mrakia frigida, Filobasidium floriforme, and Filobasidiella neoformans, and the anamorphic yeasts Bullera alba (the anamorph of Bulleromyces albus) and Trichosporon cutaneum. Members of Tremella and selected hymenomycetous genera were also included in this lineage.
Rhodosporidium Babjevae, a New Heterothallic Yeast Species (Ustilaginales)
1993, Systematic and Applied Microbiology
A description of a new red-pigmented non-ballistosporogenous teliospore-forming yeast is given. The yeast does not mate with the other species of the genus Rhodosporidium and differs from them by teliospore or metabasidium morphology, by physiological properties and by sensitivity to Rhodotorula mucilaginosa mycocins. The type strain of Rhodosporidium babjevae is VKM Y-2275, the allotype one is VKM Y-2276.

View all citing articles on Scopus

^*: Part 26 of a series, “Studies in Heterobasidiomycetes” of the Institut für Biologie I, Lehrstuhl Spezielle Botanik, Universität Tübingen and the Department of Botany, University of British Columbia.

^a: Prof. Dr. F. Oberwinkler, Lehrstuhl Spezielle Botanik der Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 1, D-7400 Tübingen 1, Federal Republic of Germany

View full text

Article preview

Systematic and Applied Microbiology

Summary

References (25)

A low-viscosity epoxy resin embedding medium for electron microscopy

J. Ultrastr. Rev.

A new Basidiomycete with anomalous basidia

Mycologia

Rogersiomyces, a new genus in the Filobasidiaceae (Homobasidiomycetes) from an aquatic habitat

Amer. J. Bot.

Reexamination of the association between the melting point, boyant density and chemical base composition of deoxyribonucleic acid

J. Bact.

Feinstrukturelle Merkmalsanalysen an Ustilaginales-Arten

Z. Pilzk.

Investigations on Entorrhiza casparyana by light and electron microscopy

Mycologia

Heterobasidiomycetous yeasts Leucosporidium and Rhodosporidium. Their systematics and sexual incompatibility systems

Trans. Mycol. Soc. Jap.

Marine basidiomycetous yeasts (Rhodosporidium spp. n.) with tetrapolar and multiple allelic bipolar mating systems

Canad. J. Microbiol.

Leucosporidium gen. nov., the heterobasidiomycetous stage of several yeasts of the genus Candida

Antonie v. Leeuwenhoek

Some ultrastructural features of Rhodosporidium toruloides Banno

Antonie v. Leeuwenhoek

A new genus, Filobasidiella, the perfect stage of Cryptococcus neoformans

Mycologia

Morphogenesis of Filobasidiella neoformans, the sexual state of Cryptococcus necformans

Mycologia

Cited by (41)

PCR-based method for the rapid identification of astaxanthin-accumulating yeasts (Phaffia spp.)

Bartheletia paradoxa is a living fossil on Ginkgo leaf litter with a unique septal structure in the Basidiomycota

Detection, identification and enumeration methods for spoilage yeasts

Cold-active pectinolytic activity of psychrophilic-basidiomycetous yeast Cystofilobasidium capitatum strain PPY-1

Phylogenetic placement of the basidiomycetous yeasts Kondoa malvinella and Rhodosporidium dacryoidum, and the anamorphic yeast Sympodiomycopsis paphiopedili by means of 18S rRNA gene sequence analysis

Rhodosporidium Babjevae, a New Heterothallic Yeast Species (Ustilaginales)

Cystofilobasidium: a New Genus in the Filobasidiaceae*

Summary

J. Ultrastr. Rev.

A new Basidiomycete with anomalous basidia

Mycologia

Rogersiomyces, a new genus in the Filobasidiaceae (Homobasidiomycetes) from an aquatic habitat

Amer. J. Bot.

Reexamination of the association between the melting point, boyant density and chemical base composition of deoxyribonucleic acid

J. Bact.

Feinstrukturelle Merkmalsanalysen an Ustilaginales-Arten

Z. Pilzk.

Investigations on Entorrhiza casparyana by light and electron microscopy

Mycologia

Heterobasidiomycetous yeasts Leucosporidium and Rhodosporidium. Their systematics and sexual incompatibility systems

Trans. Mycol. Soc. Jap.

Marine basidiomycetous yeasts (Rhodosporidium spp. n.) with tetrapolar and multiple allelic bipolar mating systems

Canad. J. Microbiol.

Leucosporidium gen. nov., the heterobasidiomycetous stage of several yeasts of the genus Candida

Antonie v. Leeuwenhoek

Some ultrastructural features of Rhodosporidium toruloides Banno

Antonie v. Leeuwenhoek

A new genus, Filobasidiella, the perfect stage of Cryptococcus neoformans

Mycologia

Morphogenesis of Filobasidiella neoformans, the sexual state of Cryptococcus necformans

Mycologia

Cystofilobasidium: a New Genus in the *Filobasidiaceae**