Immunity
Volume 15, Issue 6, December 2001, Pages 935-945
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Article
CD28 as a Molecular Amplifier Extending TCR Ligation and Signaling Capabilities

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Abstract

Evidence has gathered that CD28 costimulation facilitates T cell activation by potentiating TCR intrinsic-signaling. However, the underlying molecular mechanism is largely unknown. Here we show that, by enhancing T cell/APC close contacts, CD28 facilitates TCR signal transduction. Moreover, the signal supplied by CD28 does not lead to increased Zap-70 and Lat phosphorylation, but amplifies PLCγ1 activation and Ca2+ response. We provide evidence that the PTK Itk controls the latter function. Our data suggest that CD28 binding to B7 contributes to setting the level of TCR-induced phosphorylated Lat for recruiting signaling complexes, whereas the CD28 signal boosts multiple pathways by facilitating PLCγ1 activation. These results should provide a conceptual framework for understanding quantitative and qualitative aspects of CD28-mediated costimulation.

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