Trends in Parasitology
ReviewThe role of mucins in host–parasite interactions: Part II – helminth parasites
Section snippets
Opisthorcis viverrini
The attachment of the Opisthorcis viverrini cercaria to its fish host is stimulated by a.30-kDa component of fish skin mucus 2. The stimulatory effect of this component on attachment was shown to be unaffected when mucus was treated with pronase, trypsin, sialidase or chondroitinase, but was decreased by treatment with hyaluronidase 2. Further experiments using hyaluronic acid alone did not stimulate attachment, suggesting the involvement of other factors. By contrast, the penetration of mucus
Hymenolepis microstoma
Large amounts of complex carbohydrates are present on the surface of the eggs of H. microstoma, and in their vitellocytes. These carbohydrates contain GlcNAc, Gal and GalNAc, but lack glucose, mannose and fucose 16. They might function in egg-shell formation and other interactions between this parasite and its rodent host. Adults of H. microstoma (and also of the trematodes E. caproni and S. mansoni) exhibit surface glycoconjugates that are involved in protecting the parasite while within its
Toxocara canis
Toxocara canis expresses large amounts of a mucin-like glycoprotein (TES-120) on its surface coat in the infective-larval stage. The TES-120 peptide is encoded by the nmuc-1 gene, has a central Ser–Thr-rich region containing a series of seven amino acid repeats (with the consensus sequence Ser-Thr-Ser-Ser-Ser-Ser-Ala), and is heavily O-glycosylated 21. In the event of host antibodies or cells binding to T. canis, this coat is shed, suggesting that TES-120 might be involved in protecting this
Summary
Part I of our discussion of mucins in host–parasite interactions considered protozoan parasties 1. Protozoan parasite mucins are involved in the evasion of host immune responses, and in the temporary immobilization of parasites within their insect vectors. In addition, some protozoan parasites produce enzymes that are capable of degrading host mucins, and host mucins themselves might block the carbohydrate-specific surface lectins of parasites. Many previous studies have examined the role of
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Integrated multi-omic analyses in Biomphalaria-Schistosoma dialogue reveal the immunobiological significance of FREP-SmPoMuc interaction
2017, Developmental and Comparative ImmunologyCitation Excerpt :On one hand, SmPoMucs are mucin-like molecules displaying a domain containing a variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR). Mucins are known to be involved in host-parasite interplay (Buscaglia et al., 2006; Hicks et al., 2000; Rathore et al., 2005; Theodoropoulos et al., 2001). SmPoMucs could act as pathogen associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and would be the initiator of snail host immune recognition (Moné et al., 2010).
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