Cell Reports
Volume 21, Issue 4, 24 October 2017, Pages 878-890
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Report
Cortical Interneurons Differentially Shape Frequency Tuning following Adaptation

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2017.10.012Get rights and content
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Highlights

  • Inhibition facilitates cortical adaptation to repeated tones

  • Different inhibitory interneuron function diverges

  • Somatostatin-positive interneurons support adaptation to temporal context

  • Neurons adapt to temporal repetition to efficiently process sound

Summary

Neuronal stimulus selectivity is shaped by feedforward and recurrent excitatory-inhibitory interactions. In the auditory cortex (AC), parvalbumin- (PV) and somatostatin-positive (SOM) inhibitory interneurons differentially modulate frequency-dependent responses of excitatory neurons. Responsiveness of neurons in the AC to sound is also dependent on stimulus history. We found that the inhibitory effects of SOMs and PVs diverged as a function of adaptation to temporal repetition of tones. Prior to adaptation, suppressing either SOM or PV inhibition drove both increases and decreases in excitatory spiking activity. After adaptation, suppressing SOM activity caused predominantly disinhibitory effects, whereas suppressing PV activity still evoked bi-directional changes. SOM, but not PV-driven inhibition, dynamically modulated frequency tuning with adaptation. Unlike PV-driven inhibition, SOM-driven inhibition elicited gain-like increases in frequency tuning reflective of adaptation. Our findings suggest that distinct cortical interneurons differentially shape tuning to sensory stimuli across the neuronal receptive field, altering frequency selectivity of excitatory neurons during adaptation.

Keywords

auditory cortex
interneurons
cortical processing
inhibition
adaptation
frequency tuning
auditory processing
optogenetics
archaerhodopsin

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2

Present address: Janelia Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA, USA

3

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