Developmental Cell
Volume 39, Issue 4, 21 November 2016, Pages 424-437
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Article
Spatial Control of Primary Ciliogenesis by Subdistal Appendages Alters Sensation-Associated Properties of Cilia

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.devcel.2016.10.006Get rights and content
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Highlights

  • sDAP and C-Nap1 function together at centrioles for submerged cilia formation

  • Loss of sDAP and C-Nap1 breaks cilia-Golgi association, enabling cilia to surface

  • Surfaced cilia respond to fluid flow and ectopically recruit signaling components

  • Multiple intact cilia can form unclustered in the absence of sDAP and C-Nap1

Summary

Vertebrate cells can initiate ciliogenesis from centrioles at the cell center, near the Golgi, forming primary cilia confined or submerged in a deep narrow pit created by membrane invagination. How or why cells maintain submerged cilia is unclear. Here, by characterizing centriole subdistal appendages (sDAP) in cells exclusively growing submerged cilia, we found that a group of sDAP components localize to the centriole proximal end through the cohesion factor C-Nap1 and that sDAP function redundantly with C-Nap1 for submerged cilia maintenance. Loss of sDAP and C-Nap1 has no effect on cilia assembly, but it disrupts stable Golgi-cilia association and allows normally submerged cilia to fully surface, losing the deep membrane invagination. Intriguingly, unlike submerged cilia (stationary), surfaced cilia actively respond to mechanical stimuli with motions and can ectopically recruit Hedgehog signaling components in the absence of agonist. We propose that spatial control of ciliogenesis uncouples or specifies sensory properties of cilia.

Keywords

centriole
cilia
Golgi
subdistal appendage
Hedgehog pathway
centrosome
cohesion
submerged cilia

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