Population Coding in an Innately Relevant Olfactory Area

Highlights

• Unit recordings reveal decorrelated odor responses in cortical amygdala (plCoA)

• plCoA does not harbor an excess of neurons tuned to ethologically relevant odors

• Population-level odor responses exhibit similar structure in piriform cortex and plCoA

• Piriform cortex and plCoA holistically represent odor objects using population codes

Summary

Different olfactory cortical regions are thought to harbor distinct sensory representations, enabling each area to play a unique role in odor perception and behavior. In the piriform cortex (PCx), spatially dispersed sensory inputs evoke activity in distributed ensembles of neurons that act as substrates for odor learning. In contrast, the posterolateral cortical amygdala (plCoA) receives hardwired inputs that may link specific odor cues to innate olfactory behaviors. Here we show that despite stark differences in the patterning of plCoA and PCx inputs, odor-evoked neural ensembles in both areas are equally capable of discriminating odors, and exhibit similar odor tuning, reliability, and correlation structure. These results demonstrate that brain regions mediating odor-driven innate behaviors can, like brain areas involved in odor learning, represent odor objects using distributive population codes; these findings suggest both alternative mechanisms for the generation of innate odor-driven behaviors and additional roles for the plCoA in odor perception.