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AtSNX1 defines an endosome for auxin-carrier trafficking in Arabidopsis

Nature volume 443, pages 106–109 (2006)Cite this article

Abstract

Polarized cellular distribution of the phytohormone auxin and its carriers is essential for normal plant growth and development. Polar auxin transport 1,2 is maintained by a network of auxin influx (AUX)3 and efflux (PIN)1,2,4,5,6 carriers. Both auxin transport and PIN protein cycling between the plasma membrane and endosomes require the activity of the endosomal GNOM1,2,7,8; however, intracellular routes taken by these carriers remain largely unknown. Here we show that Arabidopsis thaliana SORTING NEXIN 1 (AtSNX1) is involved in the auxin pathway and that PIN2, but not PIN1 or AUX1, is transported through AtSNX1-containing endosomes. We demonstrate that the snx1-null mutant exhibits multiple auxin-related defects and that loss of function of AtSNX1 severely enhances the phenotype of a weak gnom mutant. In root cells, we further show that AtSNX1 localizes to an endosomal compartment distinct from GNOM-containing endosomes, and that PIN2 accumulates in this compartment after treatment with the phosphatidylinositol-3-OH kinase inhibitor wortmannin or after a gravity stimulus. Our data reveal the existence of a novel endosomal compartment involved in PIN2 endocytic sorting and plant development.

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Figure 1: AtSNX1 is localized to an endosomal compartment.
Figure 2: AtSNX1 defines a new endosomal compartment that transports PIN2.
Figure 3: Wortmannin effects on seedling development, auxin distribution and PIN localization.

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Acknowledgements

We thank the Max Planck and SALK Institute for providing the insertion mutant lines. We thank C. Dumas for hosting T.G.'s team in the Reproduction et Développement des Plantes laboratory. We acknowledge A. Chaboud for providing pGIInK::mRFP plasmids; C. Hawes for providing ERD2–GFP and ST-GFP plasmids; T. Guilfoyle for providing the DR5::GUS transgenic line; G. Jurgens for providing gnomB/E mutant and GNOM–GFP lines; J. Friml for supplying the PIN1–GFP line; B. Scheres for the gift of the PIN2–GFP line; M. Bennett for the gift of the AUX1–YFP line and NASC for providing the DR5rev::GFP line. We are grateful to R. Tsien for the gift of mRFP1. We thank C. Scutt for critical reading of the manuscript, N. Paris for helpful discussions and C. Lionnet and F. Simian for technical assistance in confocal microscopy. This work was supported by the Action concertée incitative Biologie du Développement of the French Ministry of Research.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Reproduction et Développement des Plantes, IFR128 BioSciences Lyon-Gerland, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Université Claude Bernard Lyon I, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, 46 allée d'Italie, 69364 Cedex 07, Lyon, France

    Yvon Jaillais, Isabelle Fobis-Loisy, Christine Miège, Claire Rollin & Thierry Gaude

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  1. Yvon Jaillais
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  2. Isabelle Fobis-Loisy
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Correspondence to Thierry Gaude.

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Supplementary information

Supplementary Figure 1

Isolation of the AtSNX1 gene and molecular characterization of snx1mutant.

Supplementary Figure 2

Atsnx1 mutant roots have auxin-related defects.

Supplementary Figure 3

snx1-1 is rescued by transgenic expression of AtSNX1-GFP and AtSNX1-mRFP.

Supplementary Figure 4

Altered DR5::GUS expression in snx1 roots.

Supplementary Figure 5

Genetic interaction between gnomB/E and snx1.

Supplementary Figure 6

AtSNX1-GFP and GNOM-GFP exhibit different sensitivity to Wm.

Supplementary Figure 7

AUX1 is not sensitive to BFA and Wm.

Supplementary Figure 8

Long-term Wm treatment affects AtSNX1-containing endosome morphology.

Supplementary Figure 9

Quantitative effect of different Wortmannin concentrations on primary root elongation.

Supplementary Notes

Includes Supplementary Methods and additional references.

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Jaillais, Y., Fobis-Loisy, I., Miège, C. et al. AtSNX1 defines an endosome for auxin-carrier trafficking in Arabidopsis. Nature 443, 106–109 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1038/nature05046

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