1887

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLOGY logo

Volume 39, Issue 3

sp. nov., a Sterol-Requiring Mollicute from the Firefly Beetle Free

Abstract

Abstract

Strain ELCN-1 (T = type strain), which was isolated from the hemolymph of the firefly beetle (Coleoptera:Lampyridae) in Maryland, was shown to be a sterol-requiring mollicute. Electron and dark-field microscopy showed that the organism consisted of small, nonhelical, nonmotile, pleomorphic coccoid cells. Individual cells were surrounded by a single cytoplasmic membrane, but no evidence of a cell wall was observed. The organism grew well in SP-4 broth medium containing fetal bovine serum, but failed to grow in formulations containing horse serum or bovine serum fraction supplements. Growth on solid media occurred only when agar cultures were incubated aerobically or in an atmosphere containing 5% carbon dioxide. Strain ELCN-1 catabolized glucose but did not hydrolyze arginine or urea. The optimum temperature for growth was 30°C, while multiplication occurred over a temperature range of 18 to 32°C. Growth was not observed at 37°C. The genome of strain ELCN-1 was determined to be about 585 megadaltons. The guanine-plus-cytosine content of the deoxyribonucleic acid was found to be 27.5 mol%. This organism was serologically unrelated to the type strains of previously described species and to 18 other unclassified sterol-requiring isolates cultivated from various animal, plant, or insect sources. This is the first documented insect-derived species in the genus Strain ELCN-1 (= ATCC 43707) is the type strain of sp. nov.

  • Published Online:
Copyright 1989, International Association of Microbiological Societies
Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/00207713-39-3-284
1989-07-01
2024-04-18
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/ijsem/39/3/ijs-39-3-284.html?itemId=/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/00207713-39-3-284&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Aluotto B. B., Wittier R. G., Williams C. O., Faber J. E. 1970; Standardized bacteriologie techniques for characterization of Mycoplasma species. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 20:35–58
     [Google Scholar]
  2. Carle P., Bové J. M. 1983; Genome size determination. Methods Mycoplasmol. 1:309–311
     [Google Scholar]
  3. Carle P., Saillard C., Bové J. M. 1983; DNA extraction and purification. Methods Mycoplasmol. 1:295–299
     [Google Scholar]
  4. Carle P., Saillard C., Bové J. M. 1983; Determination of guanine plus cytosine content of DNA. Methods Mycoplasmol. 1:301–308
     [Google Scholar]
  5. Clark T. B. 1982; Spiroplasmas: diversity of arthropod reservoirs and host-parasite relationships. Science 217:57–59
     [Google Scholar]
  6. Clark T. B., Tully J. G., Rose D. L., Henegar R., Whitcomb R. F. 1986; Acholeplasmas and similar nonsterol-requiring mollicutes from insects: missing link in microbial ecology. Curr. Microbiol. 13:11–16
     [Google Scholar]
  7. Clark T. B., Whitcomb R. F., Tully J. G., Mouches C., Saillard C., Bové J. M., Wr–blewski H., Carle P., Rose D. L., Williamson D. L. 1985; Spiroplasma melliferum sp. nov., a new species from the honeybee (Apis mellifera). Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 35:296–308
     [Google Scholar]
  8. Clyde W. A. Jr. 1983; Growth inhibition tests. Methods Mycoplasmol. 1:405–410
     [Google Scholar]
  9. Cole R. M., Tully J. G., Popkin T. J., Bové J. M. 1973; Ultrastructure of the agent of citrus –stubborn disease.–. J. Bacteriol. 115:367–386
     [Google Scholar]
  10. Cottew G. S., Yeats F. R. 1982; Mycoplasmas and mites in the ears of clinically normal goats. Aust. J. Vet. Sci. 59:77–81
     [Google Scholar]
  11. Daniels M. J., Markham P. G., Meddins B. M., Plaskitt A. K., Townsend R., Bar-Joseph M. 1973; Axenic culture of a plant pathogenic spiroplasma. Nature ( London) 244:523–524
     [Google Scholar]
  12. Doi Y., Teranaka M., Yora K., Asuyama H. 1967; Mycoplasma- or PLT group-like microorganisms found in the phloem elements of plants infected with mulberry dwarf, potato witches– broom, aster yellows, or Paulownia witches– broom. Ann. Phytopathol. Soc. Jpn. 33:259–266
     [Google Scholar]
  13. Eden-Green S., Tully J. G. 1979; Isolation of Acholeplasma spp. from coconut palms affected by lethal yellowing disease in Jamaica. Curr. Microbiol. 2:311–316
     [Google Scholar]
  14. Edward D. G. ff. 1947; A selective medium for pleuropneumonia-like organisms. J. Gen. Microbiol. 1:238–243
     [Google Scholar]
  15. Freundt E. A. 1983; Film and spot production. Methods Mycoplasmol. 1:373–374
     [Google Scholar]
  16. Gardella R. S., Del Giudice R. A. 1983; Hemagglutination, hemadsorption, and hemolysis. Methods Mycoplasmol. 1:379–384
     [Google Scholar]
  17. Gardella R. S., Del Giudice R. A., Tully J. G. 1983; Immunofluorescence. Methods Mycoplasmol. 1:431–439
     [Google Scholar]
  18. Hackett K. J., Clark T. B. 1989; The ecology of spiroplasmas. 113–199 Whitcomb R. F., Tully J. G. The mycoplasmas 5 Academic Press, Inc.; New York:
     [Google Scholar]
  19. International Committee on Systematic Bacteriology Subcommittee on the Taxonomy of Mollicutes 1979; Proposal of minimal standards for descriptions of new species of the class Mollicutes. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 29:172–180
     [Google Scholar]
  20. Markham P. G., Clark T. B., Whitcomb R. F. 1983; Culture techniques for spiroplasmas from arthropods. Methods Mycoplasmol. 2:217–223
     [Google Scholar]
  21. McCoy R. E., Basham H. G., Tully J. G., Rose D. L., Carle P., Bové J. M. 1984; Acholeplasma florum: a new species isolated from plants. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 34:11–15
     [Google Scholar]
  22. McCoy R. E., Caudwell A., Chang C. J., Chen T. A., Chiykowski L. N., Cousin M. T., Dale J. L., de Leeuw G. T. N., Golino D. A., Hackett K. J., Kirkpatrick B. C., Marwitz R., Petzold H., Sinha R. C., Sugiura M., Whitcomb R. F., Yang I. L., Zhu B. M., Seem–ller E. 1989; Plant diseases associated with mycoplasma-like organisms. 545–640 Whitcomb R. F., Tully J. G. The mycoplasmas 5 Academic Press, Inc.; New York:
     [Google Scholar]
  23. McCoy R. E., Williams D. S., Thomas D. L. 1979 Isolation of mycoplasmas from flowers. 75–80 McCoy R. E., Su H. Proceedings of the Republic of China-United States Cooperative Science Seminar, Symposium Series 1National Science Council, Taipai, Taiwan
     [Google Scholar]
  24. Mouches C., Bové J. M., Tully J. G., Rose D. L., McCoy R. E., Carle-Junca P., Garnier M., Saillard C. 1983; Spiroplasma apis, a new species from the honey bee (Apis mellifera). Ann. Inst. Pasteur (Paris) 134A:383–397
     [Google Scholar]
  25. Razin S., Tully J. G. 1970; Cholesterol requirements of mycoplasmas. J. Bacteriol. 102:306–310
     [Google Scholar]
  26. Saglio P., L–Hospital M., Lafl–che D., Dupont G., Bové J. M., Tully J. G., Freundt E. A. 1973; Spiroplasma citri gen. and sp. n.: a mycoplasma-like organism associated with –stubborn– disease of citrus. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 23:191–204
     [Google Scholar]
  27. Shifrine M., Bailey K. P., Stone S. S. 1972; Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia: isolation of Mycoplasma mycoides, var. mycoides from ticks collected from infected cattle and infection attempts using these ticks. Bull. Epizoot. Dis. Afr. (Spec. Issue) 20:43–45
     [Google Scholar]
  28. Tully J. G. 1983; Cloning and filtration techniques for mycoplasmas. Methods Mycoplasmol. 1:173–177
     [Google Scholar]
  29. Tully J. G. 1984; The family Acholeplasmataceae, genus Acholeplasma. 781–787 Krieg N. R., Holt J. G. Bergey–s manual of systematic bacteriology 1 The Williams & Wilkins Co.; Baltimore:
     [Google Scholar]
  30. Tully J. G. 1989; Class Mollicutes: new perspectives from plant and arthropod studies. 1–31 Whitcomb R. F., Tully J. G. The mycoplasmas 5 Academic Press, Inc.; New York:
     [Google Scholar]
  31. Tully J. G., Rose D. L., Carle P., Bové J. M., Hackett K. J., Whitcomb R. F. 1988; Acholeplasma entomophilum sp. nov. from gut contents of a wide range of host insects. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 38:164–167
     [Google Scholar]
  32. Tully J. G., Rose D. L., Whitcomb R. F., Hackett K. J., Clark T. B., Henegar R. B., Clark E., Carle P., Bové J. M. 1987; Characterization of some new insect-derived acholeplasmas. Isr. J. Med. Sci. 23:699–703
     [Google Scholar]
  33. Whitcomb R. F. 1983; Culture media for spiroplasmas. Methods Mycoplasmol. 1:147–158
     [Google Scholar]
  34. Whitcomb R. F. 1989; Biology of Spiroplasma kunkelii. 487–544 Whitcomb R. F., Tully J. G. The mycoplasmas 5 Academic Press, Inc.; New York:
     [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/00207713-39-3-284
Loading
Mycoplasma ellychniae sp. nov., a Sterol-Requiring Mollicute from the Firefly Beetle Ellychnia corrusca
Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 39, 284 (1989); https://doi.org/10.1099/00207713-39-3-284
/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/00207713-39-3-284
/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/00207713-39-3-284
Loading

Data & Media loading...

Most cited Most Cited RSS feed

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error