Abstract
Repeated DNA makes up a large fraction of a typical mammalian genome, and some repetitive elements are able to move within the genome (transposons and retrotransposons). DNA transposons move from one genomic location to another by a cut-and-paste mechanism. They are powerful forces of genetic change and have played a significant role in the evolution of many genomes. As genetic tools, DNA transposons can be used to introduce a piece of foreign DNA into a genome. Indeed, they have been used for transgenesis and insertional mutagenesis in different organisms, since these elements are not generally dependent on host factors to mediate their mobility. Thus, DNA transposons are useful tools to analyze the regulatory genome, study embryonic development, identify genes and pathways implicated in disease or pathogenesis of pathogens, and even contribute to gene therapy. In this review, we will describe the nature of these elements and discuss recent advances in this field of research, as well as our evolving knowledge of the DNA transposons most widely used in these studies.
Keywords: Transposable elements, DNA transposons, Tc1/mariner elements, Sleeping Beauty, piggyBac, Tol2, insertional mutagenesis, transgenesis
Current Genomics
Title: DNA Transposons: Nature and Applications in Genomics
Volume: 11 Issue: 2
Author(s): Martin Munoz-Lopez and Jose L. Garcia-Perez
Affiliation:
Keywords: Transposable elements, DNA transposons, Tc1/mariner elements, Sleeping Beauty, piggyBac, Tol2, insertional mutagenesis, transgenesis
Abstract: Repeated DNA makes up a large fraction of a typical mammalian genome, and some repetitive elements are able to move within the genome (transposons and retrotransposons). DNA transposons move from one genomic location to another by a cut-and-paste mechanism. They are powerful forces of genetic change and have played a significant role in the evolution of many genomes. As genetic tools, DNA transposons can be used to introduce a piece of foreign DNA into a genome. Indeed, they have been used for transgenesis and insertional mutagenesis in different organisms, since these elements are not generally dependent on host factors to mediate their mobility. Thus, DNA transposons are useful tools to analyze the regulatory genome, study embryonic development, identify genes and pathways implicated in disease or pathogenesis of pathogens, and even contribute to gene therapy. In this review, we will describe the nature of these elements and discuss recent advances in this field of research, as well as our evolving knowledge of the DNA transposons most widely used in these studies.
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Cite this article as:
Munoz-Lopez Martin and Garcia-Perez L. Jose, DNA Transposons: Nature and Applications in Genomics, Current Genomics 2010; 11 (2) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138920210790886871
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138920210790886871 |
Print ISSN 1389-2029 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-5488 |
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