Whole body extracts of virgin Eurytoma amygdali females were attractive to males in laboratory bioassays. Extracts of various body parts of the female wasp elicited different responses to males, with the thorax extract being the most active. Preparative fractionation of the crude hydrocarbon extract on a silver nitrate impregnated silica gel column (alkanes, alkenes, and alkadienes) revealed that the highest male response was elicited by alkadienes and the lowest by alkenes, with the alkane fraction being inactive. The identification of alkenes and alkadienes was based on gas chromatographic, mass spectrometric, and gas-phase infrared data. Laboratory bioassays suggested that the two alkadienes, (Z,Z)-6,9-tricosadiene [(Z,Z)-6,9-C23:2], and (Z,Z)-6,9-pentacosadiene [(Z,Z)-6,9-C25:2], and to a lesser extent alkenes, identified in the female extract of E. amygdali were male attractants.