Abstract
High-fat diet and intrauterine growth retardation may predispose to obesity, insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes. Because prenatal ethanol (ETOH) exposure causes intrauterine growth retardation, we investigated its interactions with postnatal high-fat diet on glucose tolerance and adipocyte-derived hormones in the rat offspring. High-fat-fed offspring had increased adiposity, serum leptin, and muscle uncoupling protein-3, but decreased adiponectin mRNA, compared with corresponding chow-fed groups. ETOH-exposed offspring had normal adiponectin, but increased resistin mRNA and protein, compared with controls, regardless of postnatal diet. Skeletal muscle glucose transporter-4 content was decreased after both ETOH exposure and high-fat feeding. Glycemic and insulin responses to an ip glucose challenge were equally increased in non-ETOH-exposed high-fat-fed offspring and in ETOH-exposed chow-fed offspring, with additive effects of ETOH and high-fat diet. Pancreatic insulin content was elevated only in non-ETOH-exposed high-fat-fed offspring. The data suggest that high-fat diet worsens glucose intolerance in offspring of rats exposed to ETOH. Prenatal ETOH exposure and postnatal high-fat diet might cause insulin resistance through separate mechanisms, involving resistin and adiponectin, respectively.
Publication types
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
MeSH terms
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Adiponectin
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Adipose Tissue / anatomy & histology
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Animals
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Body Weight
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Carrier Proteins / genetics
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Central Nervous System Depressants / pharmacology*
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Dietary Fats / pharmacology*
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Eating
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Ethanol / pharmacology*
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Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / blood
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Female
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Gene Expression / drug effects
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Glucose Intolerance / etiology
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Glucose Intolerance / physiopathology*
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Glucose Transporter Type 4
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Hormones, Ectopic / genetics*
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Hyperinsulinism / etiology
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Hyperinsulinism / physiopathology
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Insulin / analysis
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Insulin / blood
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Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins*
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Ion Channels
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Leptin / blood
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Mitochondrial Proteins
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Monosaccharide Transport Proteins / genetics
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Muscle Proteins*
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Muscle, Skeletal / physiology
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Nerve Growth Factor
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Organ Size
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Pancreas / anatomy & histology
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Pancreas / chemistry
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Pregnancy
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Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects*
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Proteins / genetics
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Rats
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Rats, Sprague-Dawley
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Receptors, Cell Surface / genetics
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Receptors, Leptin
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Resistin
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Uncoupling Protein 3
Substances
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Adiponectin
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Carrier Proteins
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Central Nervous System Depressants
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Dietary Fats
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Fatty Acids, Nonesterified
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Glucose Transporter Type 4
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Hormones, Ectopic
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Insulin
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Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins
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Ion Channels
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Leptin
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Mitochondrial Proteins
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Monosaccharide Transport Proteins
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Muscle Proteins
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Proteins
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Receptors, Cell Surface
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Receptors, Leptin
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Resistin
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Retn protein, rat
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Retnla protein, rat
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Slc2a4 protein, rat
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Ucp3 protein, rat
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Uncoupling Protein 3
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Ethanol
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Nerve Growth Factor