Abstract
Cancers are often thought to be selectively neutral. This is because most of the individuals that they kill are post-reproductive. Some cancers, however, kill the young and so select for anticancer adaptations that reduce the chance of death. These adaptations could reduce the somatic mutation rate or the selective value of a mutant clone of cells, or increase the number of stages required for neoplasia. New theory predicts that cancer selection--selection to prevent or postpone deaths due to cancer--should be especially important as animals evolve new morphologies or larger, longer-lived bodies, and might account for some of the differences in the causes of cancer between mice and men.
MeSH terms
-
Adolescent
-
Adult
-
Age of Onset
-
Animals
-
Body Constitution
-
Breeding
-
Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / genetics
-
Chickens
-
Child
-
Cyprinodontiformes
-
Dog Diseases / genetics
-
Dog Diseases / pathology
-
Dog Diseases / transmission
-
Dogs
-
Female
-
Fish Diseases / genetics
-
Fish Diseases / pathology
-
Genes, Tumor Suppressor
-
Genetic Predisposition to Disease
-
Growth Substances / physiology
-
Humans
-
Male
-
Melanoma / genetics
-
Melanoma / pathology
-
Melanoma / veterinary
-
Mice
-
Mice, Knockout
-
Models, Biological*
-
Mutation
-
Neoplasms / epidemiology
-
Neoplasms / genetics*
-
Neoplasms / prevention & control
-
Neoplasms / veterinary
-
Organ Specificity
-
Poultry Diseases / genetics
-
Sarcoma / genetics
-
Sarcoma / pathology
-
Sarcoma / veterinary
-
Selection, Genetic*
-
Sexually Transmitted Diseases / genetics
-
Sexually Transmitted Diseases / pathology
-
Sexually Transmitted Diseases / veterinary
-
Species Specificity
-
Urogenital Neoplasms / genetics
-
Urogenital Neoplasms / pathology
-
Urogenital Neoplasms / veterinary
-
Whales