Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are expressed in the developing, healthy adult and diseased CNS. We emphasize the regulation of neurogenesis and oligodendrogenesis by MMPs during CNS development, and highlight physiological roles of MMPs in the healthy adult CNS, such as in synaptic plasticity, learning and memory. Nonetheless, MMPs as "the good guys" go bad in neurological conditions, likely aided by the sudden and massive upregulation of several MMP members. We stress the necessity of drawing a fine balance in the treatment of neurological diseases, and we suggest that MMP inhibitors do have therapeutic potential early after CNS injury.
MeSH terms
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Animals
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Central Nervous System / embryology
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Central Nervous System / enzymology*
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Central Nervous System / metabolism
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Central Nervous System Diseases / enzymology*
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Central Nervous System Diseases / etiology*
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Encephalitis, Viral / enzymology
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Encephalitis, Viral / etiology
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Enzyme Inhibitors / therapeutic use
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Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic
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HIV Infections / complications
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HIV-1
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Health
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Humans
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Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors
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Matrix Metalloproteinases / genetics
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Matrix Metalloproteinases / metabolism
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Matrix Metalloproteinases / physiology*
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Models, Biological
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Multiple Sclerosis / enzymology
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Multiple Sclerosis / etiology
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Nerve Regeneration / genetics
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Nerve Regeneration / physiology
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Spinal Cord Injuries / enzymology
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Synapses / enzymology
Substances
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Enzyme Inhibitors
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Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors
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Matrix Metalloproteinases