Cholesterol 25-hydroxylase production by dendritic cells and macrophages is regulated by type I interferons

J Leukoc Biol. 2010 Dec;88(6):1081-7. doi: 10.1189/jlb.0610318. Epub 2010 Aug 10.

Abstract

The oxysterol-producing enzyme CH25H plays an important role in regulating lipid metabolism, gene expression, and immune activation. In vitro experiments using a panel of TLR agonists to activate BMDCs and macrophages demonstrated that Ch25h expression is induced rapidly, selectively, and robustly by the TLR ligands poly I:C and LPS. The mechanism of TLR3- and TLR4-induced transcription levels of Ch25h relies on the TRIF-mediated production of type I IFNs and requires signaling through the IFNαR and JAK/STAT1 pathway. Treatment of BMDCs and macrophages with IFN-α or IFN-β induces Ch25h in a STAT1-dependent manner. IFN-γ also up-regulated Ch25h expression by signaling through STAT1, suggesting that multiple pathways regulate the production of this enzyme. In addition, we demonstrated that regulation of Ch25h expression in vivo in lung-derived DCs and macrophages is dependent on signaling through the IFNαR and STAT1. The results suggest that the rapid induction of Ch25h and subsequent oxysterol synthesis may represent a component of the regulatory network that modulates the magnitude of innate immune reactions and possibly the nature and intensity of subsequent adaptive responses.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Dendritic Cells / metabolism*
  • Interferon Type I / physiology*
  • Janus Kinases / physiology
  • Liver X Receptors
  • Macrophages / metabolism*
  • Male
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred BALB C
  • Mice, Inbred C57BL
  • Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88 / physiology
  • Orphan Nuclear Receptors / physiology
  • STAT1 Transcription Factor / physiology
  • Signal Transduction
  • Steroid Hydroxylases / biosynthesis*
  • Toll-Like Receptors / physiology

Substances

  • Interferon Type I
  • Liver X Receptors
  • Myd88 protein, mouse
  • Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88
  • Orphan Nuclear Receptors
  • STAT1 Transcription Factor
  • Stat1 protein, mouse
  • Toll-Like Receptors
  • Steroid Hydroxylases
  • cholesterol 25-hydroxylase
  • Janus Kinases